Editor: Prof. Vachaspati Upadhyaya
The Brahmana texts are known for the obscurity of their philosophical expositions. It is not easy to decipher the recondite thoughts enshrined in them but what is heartening is that Prof. Dayanand Bhargava has not only fathomed their depths by delving deep into these primary sources but has also presented his findings in a style which is at once fascinating and illuminating. Many western scholars like Fritof Capra have written copiously on these line but their writings are normally shorn of reference to the primary sources. Viewed from this standpoint Prof. Dayanand Bhargava’s work is a significant contribution to the cause of interpreting the Vedic obscurity in a modern idiom which scholars all over the world will find useful and interesting.
Needless to say that this work is very much relevant to the modern times as it propounds a holistic paradigm which is eco-friendly based on concept of sustainable development which combines peace with prosperity for the whole humanity.
I am confident that this work will prove to be a welcome addition to the existing identical literature of the East and the West.
• Reader Department of Sanskrit University of Delhi.
• Principal Kendriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth Jammu & Allahabad
• Professor & Head Department of Sanskrit University of Jodhpur
• Dean Faculty of Arts, Education & Social Sciences University of Jodhpure.
• Department of Jainolgy and Comparative Religion & Philosophy Jain Vishva Bharati Institute (Deemed University) Ladnun
• Chairman Veda Vachaspati Pandit Madusudan Ojha (Veda Vijnana) Peeth Jagadguru Ramananda charya Sanskrit vishvavidyalaya Jaipur.
Notwithstanding the difference of opinion regarding the date of the Vedas and the entitlement of the Brahmana-texts to the status of the Veda, the Vedas represent the oldest literature of the world and the Brahmana-texts represent the earliest attempt to interpret that literature. Admittedly the interpretation of the Brähmana-texts is ritual- oriented but the latest researches have shown it beyond doubt that the Vedic rituals have a strong spiritual foundation. The Brãhmana-texts thus form a bridge between the karmakanda of the Vedas and jnanakanda of the Upanisads. This approach of the Brahmana-texts, providing a formidable bridge between the active and the spiritual life, is defined by the term vijnana by the Taittiriya Aranyaka Yajna, which is a Vedic ritual, is amplified by vijnana so as to bring out its hidden spiritual significance. The Brahmanas do it by means of art havada-vakyas, which explain the logic of a vidhi or prescription of the Vedic ritual.
It was on the basis of this vijnana aspect of the Brahmana-texts, that an eminent scholar of Jaipur, Pandit Madhusudan Ojha, wrote about a hundred works in chaste Sanskrit during the last century. Some of his important works, along with some other works written on the same line, have been surveyed in the present work. Not only did traditional stalwarts like Mahamahopadhyaya Pandit Giridhar Sharma Chaturvedi, Pandit Motilal Shastri and Svãmi Suijana Dass expressed their views following this line of approach, but modem scholars like Dr. V.S. Agrawal also devoted a large part of their scholarly works to the development of this school of thought.
In recent times Shri K.C. Kulish, the founder-editor of Rajasthan Patrika, a Hindi Daily, did a lot to propagate the above mentioned literature. Professor Dayanand Bhargava, an old friend of mine, came into contact with Shri K.C. Kulish and felt the need of presenting the essence of the vijnãna aspect of the Brahmana-texts through modern scientific research methodology. The present work embodies the result of his rigorously followed studies of the last two decades.
Dr. Bhargava has also been following the latest researches in the field of science along with his Vedic studies. Only the other day, he was talking about the efficacy of mantra by support of the scientific researches carried by a Japanese scholar, Masaru Emoto who wrote four volumes under the title the Hidden Messages of the water in which it has been shown how water responds to our words of praise and condemnation. If we speak in terms of praise to water it forms beautiful crystals when frozen but it we condemn it, it forms ugly crystals in a haphazard manner. It means that water, air, fire etc., which are profusely addressed in the Vedas are not blind to our prayers. Vedic mantras assume a new significance in the light of such findings.
In the present work such parallels as that of the famous formula with the definition of yajna as the process of inter change of consciousness and matter into each other have been frequently drawn. This and many other finding well documented with about 1000 quotations from the Vedic literature make the present work valuable not only for the orient lists but also the scientists who are interested such problems as tracing the origin of the universe.
The Brahmana texts are known for the obscurity of their philosophical expositions. It is not easy to decipher the recondite thoughts enshrined in them but what is heartening is that Prof. Dayanand Bhargava Bhargava’s has not only fathomed their depths by delving deep into these primary sources but has also presented his findings in a style which is at once fascinating and illuminating. Many western scholars like Fritof Capra have written copiously on these line but their writings are normally shorn of reference to the primary sources. Viewed from this standpoint Prof. Dayanand Bhargava’s work is a significant contribution to the cause of interpreting the Vedic thought in a modern idiom which scholars all over the world will find useful and interesting.
Needless to say that this work is very much relevant to the modern times as it propounds a holistic paradigm which is eco friendly based on concept of sustainable development which combines peace with prosperity for the whole humanity at a global level.
I am confident that this work will prove to be a welcome addition to the already existing literature of the East and the West on the Vedas.
Acknowledgements | V |
Scheme of Transliteration | VII |
Editor’s Note | IX |
Chapter One Introduction An Overview of the Approach of the Vedas |
|
The Mystery | 3 |
Consciousness the Origin of the Universe | 4 |
The Whole and the part | 4 |
Esoteric style | 5 |
The Divine Triad | 6 |
The Divine Triad and the four Vedas | 6 |
Trayi and Atharva Veda | 6 |
The Duad of Agni and Soma | 7 |
Symbolism the Vedas | 8 |
The Tradition of the Brahmana Texts | 9 |
Cosmos oriented Approach | 10 |
The difficulty of terminology | 10 |
The Model of nature | 11 |
The Art of Living | 11 |
Arya is not a race | 12 |
Knowledge and action | 13 |
Holistic Approach neglected | 13 |
The Divine Science | 14 |
Unity in Diversity | 15 |
Mind and Matter | 15 |
Creator and the creation | 16 |
The Relation of the whole and its parts | 16 |
One Becomes many | 17 |
Four Quadruplet | 17 |
Four Duads | 18 |
Triads | 19 |
The Process of Assimilation | 19 |
The Seasons | 20 |
The Cow | 20 |
Our Bodies | 22 |
The Philosophy of Dynamism | 22 |
Desires | 22 |
The Man | 23 |
The Evolution | 24 |
The Ends of Human life | 26 |
The Five Layers at Micro and macro level | 26 |
The Yajna and our life | 27 |
Chapter Two Harmony |
29-43 |
The Vedic Ethos | |
Worldly well being | 31 |
Education | 34 |
Family Life | 34 |
The Cow | 36 |
Harmony | 36 |
Aryas | 37 |
Pauranic Geography | 39 |
Wars | 39 |
Spiritualism | 41 |
Morality | 41 |
Monotheism | 42 |
Conclusion | 43 |
Chapter Three Pioneers |
45-78 |
A Survey of the representative Major works | |
Brahmanas are the part and parcel of the Vedas | 48 |
Two Portions of the Brahmanas | 48 |
Neglect of Arthavada Portion | 48 |
Condemnation of the Brahmanas | 49 |
Holistic Approach of Modern Science and the Brahmanas | 49 |
Works of Madhusudan Ojha | 50 |
Works of Cosmology | 50 |
Works on Ethics and rituals | 51 |
Works of Giridhara Sharma Chaturvedi: A Disciple of Madhusudan Ojha | 52 |
A Brief summary of Madhusuddan Ojha’s approach | 52 |
The Essence of the four Vedas (Tattva-veda) | 52 |
The Trinity | 54 |
Becoming and being | 54 |
The Universe | 55 |
Macrocosm and Microcosm | 55 |
Sacrifice at Macro level | 56 |
Institutional Aspect of the Vedic view point | 57 |
Shri V.s. Agrawala, Agra 1959 | 43 |
Published by 1972, (Second Edition) | 66 |
Sparks from the Vedic fire by Prof. V.S. Agrawala (Benaras, 1962) | 70 |
Before the beginning and after the end by Shri Rishi Kumar Mishra (New Delhi 2000) | 75 |
Chapter Four Four Vedas |
79-100 |
The Meaning of the Nomenclature of the Vedas | |
The Authority of Manu | 82 |
The Evidence of the Brahmana Texts | 82 |
The Position of Atharva Veda Vstrayl | 83 |
Texts Human Creation but not the reality | 85 |
All Pervasiveness of Trayl | 86 |
Trayl in Space | 86 |
Trayl in Territory | 86 |
Trayl in Time | 86 |
Two Formulas | 86 |
Trayl in Dvijas | 87 |
Extension of Trayl | 87 |
Veda and Vedanta | 87 |
Rgveda | 88 |
Yajus | 89 |
Samveda | 91 |
Atharvaveda | 96 |
Veda as Brahma | 97 |
Chapter Five Psychic Energies |
101-128 |
Treatment of Vedic Devas Rsis, Chandas and Piraras | |
Difference between Deva and Devata | 103 |
Number of Devas | 103 |
The Basis of Monotheism | 104 |
The Basis of Polytheism | 105 |
The Role of Trayl | 105 |
Three Fold Division of thirty three days | 106 |
Anthropomorphic Nature of Devas | 106 |
The Characteristics of Devas | 107 |
Agni | 109 |
Vayu | 111 |
Indra | 113 |
Aditya | 116 |
Indra | 117 |
Dhata | 118 |
Pusa | 118 |
Mira Varuna | 118 |
Aryama | 118 |
Chandas | 120 |
Rssis | 123 |
Pitaras | 126 |
Chapter Six Divine Trinity |
129-154 |
Mana, Prana and Vak | |
The Concept of Purusa | 131 |
The Relation of three Pususas | 132 |
Rasa and Bala | 134 |
Five Kalas of Avyaya | 134 |
Prajapati | 135 |
Mana | 136 |
Prana | 143 |
Prana and Vak | 145 |
Vak | 148 |
Vak as Agni | 148 |
Vak As constituent of Atma | 149 |
Vak as Prajapati | 149 |
Vak in Five Fold Universe | 150 |
Aksara Purusa | 151 |
Principle of Movement | 151 |
Five Kalas of Aksara | 151 |
The Formation of womb | 152 |
Ksara Purusa | 153 |
Quintuplication | 153 |
Chapter Seven Micro Level |
155-184 |
Self and life hereafter | |
The Meaning of Atma | 157 |
Micro and Macro | 157 |
Vedic Terms | 157 |
The Trinity | 159 |
Trivrtkarana | 159 |
Three Questions | 161 |
The Concepts of Equality | 161 |
Give and take | 162 |
Divine Yajna and Human personality | 162 |
Macro Level | 163 |
The Question of Rights | 163 |
Food and Personality | 164 |
Five fold Personality | 166 |
Gross Body or Annamayakosa | 168 |
Pranamayakosa | 168 |
Manomayakosa | 169 |
Vijnanamayakosa | 169 |
Anandamayakosa | 171 |
Different Concepts of Self | 172 |
Three Stages | 173 |
The Transcendental Stage | 174 |
Part II | |
Life Hereafter | 176 |
Re-Birth | 176 |
Heaven | 177 |
Liberation | 178 |
Different Paths | 180 |
Nerves Channels | 182 |
Chapter Eight The Origin of Universe |
185-206 |
Brahmavada and ten theories of Purva-Paksa | |
Vital Energies | 188 |
Two Movements | 189 |
Desires | 190 |
The Birth of Devas | 191 |
Penance | 192 |
Ten theories | 194 |
Sadvada Asadvada | 195 |
Rajovada | 197 |
Aparavada | 200 |
Avaranavada | 201 |
Ambhovada | 202 |
Ahoratravada | 203 |
Deva Vada | 205 |
Samsaya Vada | 205 |
Conclusion | 205 |
Chapter Nine Structure of Universe Five Fold (Pancha-Parva) Universe |
207-218 |
Three Kinds of Creation | 209 |
Three Tier Universe | 210 |
Stability in Movement | 211 |
Five Tier Universe | 211 |
Yajna in the Universe | 213 |
Correspondence of the Universe | 216 |
Movement in the Universe | 217 |
Universe and the Man | 217 |
Chapter Ten Philosophy of Action |
|
The Meaning of Yajna | 221 |
Knowledge and Action | 221 |
Unselfishness | 222 |
Non Possessiveness | 222 |
Essentiality of Karma | 222 |
Creation As a Yajna | 223 |
Five Fold Yajna | 223 |
Liberation and Yajna | 224 |
Another Five Fold Yajna | 224 |
Modern Science and Yajna | 226 |
Einstein and the process of Yajna A Comparison | 226 |
Definition of Yajna by Rsi Aitareya | 227 |
Consciousness in Modern Science | 227 |
Process of Yajna according to Brahmana texts | 228 |
The Role of will power | 228 |
The Role of Vital powers | 228 |
The Vedic Devas and Trayl Vidya | 229 |
Psychology of Yajna | 230 |
Trayl and the classical philosophy | 230 |
Gosava Yajna | 230 |
Cayana Yajna | 231 |
Cit and Citis | 231 |
Punasciti | 232 |
Yajna in the body | 232 |
Karma Yoga | 233 |
Categories of Karmas | 233 |
Tapa | 235 |
Dana | 235 |
Man and Morality | 235 |
Chapter Eleven Celestial Song |
237-268 |
The Gita: Essence of the Vedas | |
The Meaning of the Title of the Gita | 240 |
What is the Meaning of Bhagavan | 240 |
Detachment | 240 |
Knowledge | 240 |
Aisvarya | 241 |
Dharma | 241 |
What is Upanisad | 241 |
What makes a Karma Kamya | 242 |
Gita The Application | 242 |
Classification of the Contents of the Gita | 242 |
Twenty Four Upanisads of the Gita | 243 |
The Higher and the lower Self | 245 |
Two Alternatives | 246 |
Sensuous Pleasures | 246 |
Knowledge of the Immutable | 246 |
Diversity because of limitation | 246 |
Soul is free from modification | 247 |
Obstacles and progress | 247 |
Role of Intellect | 247 |
Buddhi Yoga | 248 |
The Witness | 248 |
Attachment | 248 |
The Nature of Desires | 249 |
The Desire to create | 249 |
Desires | 249 |
Natural desires | 250 |
Nature | 250 |
Wishes of God | 250 |
Concepts of Duty | 250 |
All duties are Equal | 251 |
Performance of duty is not a sin | 251 |
Brahma and Ksatra | 251 |
Injustice | 252 |
Role of Punishment | 252 |
Nature of Reality | 252 |
Change the Aim of Action | 253 |
Action and knowledge | 254 |
Development | 255 |
Education | 257 |
What is Yoga | 258 |
The Root cause of Misery | 258 |
Extroversion and introversion | 258 |
The Three Attitudes | 259 |
Means of Success | 259 |
Three Fold Karmas | 259 |
Another Classification if Karmas | 260 |
Karmas and Division of Life Span | 260 |
Effect and Result of Karma | 260 |
How Karmas Yield Their Results | 261 |
Samskaras | 261 |
Karma and Dharma | 262 |
Yajna in the Nature | 262 |
The Model of divine Way of Acting | 263 |
Harmony | 264 |
Three Bodies | 264 |
Soul: The Source of Happiness | 264 |
Enjoyments | 265 |
Three Kinds of Openness | 265 |
Gradation | 265 |
Happiness of Openness | 266 |
Three Layers of Purusa | 266 |
Ksara Purusa | 266 |
Aksara Purusa | 267 |
Avyaya Purusa | 267 |
Preference for Karma Yoga | 268 |
Bhumodarka | 268 |
Chapter Twelve Epilogue |
269-277 |
Indian Culture: The Holistic Approach of the Vedas | |
Holistic Approach | 271 |
Four ends of human life | 272 |
Material Aspect | 272 |
Trivarga | 272 |
Summum Bonum of life | 272 |
Four Asramas | 273 |
Four Varnas | 273 |
Four Vedas | 274 |
Rgveda | 274 |
Yajurveda | 275 |
Samaveda | 275 |
Apara and Para | 276 |
Atharvaveda | 276 |
Appendix One The Space Time Continuum |
279-303 |
An Introduction of the two Kalasuktas of the Atharvaveda | |
Place of Kala | 281 |
Kala and Mahakala | 281 |
The Real View of Kala | 282 |
Practical view | 282 |
What is present | 283 |
Natural Watches | 283 |
Time And movement | 284 |
Division of time | 284 |
Life Span of Deva | 284 |
Caturyuga | 284 |
Life Span of Sun | 286 |
Present Age of Sun | 286 |
The Smaller Divisions of time | 287 |
Beyond the Solar System | 288 |
Pure Movement | 288 |
Infinite Time Contains the practical time | 288 |
Kala and Movement | 289 |
Role of Kala | 289 |
The Process of Manifestation illustrated | 289 |
Another Role of Movement | 290 |
Five Forms of Movement | 290 |
Trinity of Time | 290 |
The Relations of Time and Space | 290 |
The Role of Chanda | 292 |
Time Eats and We Eat Time | 292 |
Two Forms of Samvatsara | 292 |
Why the Movement is Circular | 292 |
First Kala Sukta Explained | 293 |
Second Kala Sukta Explained | 300 |
Appendix Two | 304-311 |
A Brief Survey of Works on Vedic Literature | |
Works on Cosmology | 305 |
Works on Ethics | 305 |
Works on Vedas From Arya Samaja’s View Point | 306 |
Works on the Philosophy of the Vedas | 307 |
Aurobindo’s Approach | 308 |
Vedas as the Source Book of Philosophy | 309 |
Appendix Three | 312-315 |
A Note on the Position of Atharvaveda (from the introduction of Swami Surjan Dass of Sabda Veda, Compiled by Shri K.C. Kulish) |
|
Bibliography | 316-322 |
Editor: Prof. Vachaspati Upadhyaya
The Brahmana texts are known for the obscurity of their philosophical expositions. It is not easy to decipher the recondite thoughts enshrined in them but what is heartening is that Prof. Dayanand Bhargava has not only fathomed their depths by delving deep into these primary sources but has also presented his findings in a style which is at once fascinating and illuminating. Many western scholars like Fritof Capra have written copiously on these line but their writings are normally shorn of reference to the primary sources. Viewed from this standpoint Prof. Dayanand Bhargava’s work is a significant contribution to the cause of interpreting the Vedic obscurity in a modern idiom which scholars all over the world will find useful and interesting.
Needless to say that this work is very much relevant to the modern times as it propounds a holistic paradigm which is eco-friendly based on concept of sustainable development which combines peace with prosperity for the whole humanity.
I am confident that this work will prove to be a welcome addition to the existing identical literature of the East and the West.
• Reader Department of Sanskrit University of Delhi.
• Principal Kendriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth Jammu & Allahabad
• Professor & Head Department of Sanskrit University of Jodhpur
• Dean Faculty of Arts, Education & Social Sciences University of Jodhpure.
• Department of Jainolgy and Comparative Religion & Philosophy Jain Vishva Bharati Institute (Deemed University) Ladnun
• Chairman Veda Vachaspati Pandit Madusudan Ojha (Veda Vijnana) Peeth Jagadguru Ramananda charya Sanskrit vishvavidyalaya Jaipur.
Notwithstanding the difference of opinion regarding the date of the Vedas and the entitlement of the Brahmana-texts to the status of the Veda, the Vedas represent the oldest literature of the world and the Brahmana-texts represent the earliest attempt to interpret that literature. Admittedly the interpretation of the Brähmana-texts is ritual- oriented but the latest researches have shown it beyond doubt that the Vedic rituals have a strong spiritual foundation. The Brãhmana-texts thus form a bridge between the karmakanda of the Vedas and jnanakanda of the Upanisads. This approach of the Brahmana-texts, providing a formidable bridge between the active and the spiritual life, is defined by the term vijnana by the Taittiriya Aranyaka Yajna, which is a Vedic ritual, is amplified by vijnana so as to bring out its hidden spiritual significance. The Brahmanas do it by means of art havada-vakyas, which explain the logic of a vidhi or prescription of the Vedic ritual.
It was on the basis of this vijnana aspect of the Brahmana-texts, that an eminent scholar of Jaipur, Pandit Madhusudan Ojha, wrote about a hundred works in chaste Sanskrit during the last century. Some of his important works, along with some other works written on the same line, have been surveyed in the present work. Not only did traditional stalwarts like Mahamahopadhyaya Pandit Giridhar Sharma Chaturvedi, Pandit Motilal Shastri and Svãmi Suijana Dass expressed their views following this line of approach, but modem scholars like Dr. V.S. Agrawal also devoted a large part of their scholarly works to the development of this school of thought.
In recent times Shri K.C. Kulish, the founder-editor of Rajasthan Patrika, a Hindi Daily, did a lot to propagate the above mentioned literature. Professor Dayanand Bhargava, an old friend of mine, came into contact with Shri K.C. Kulish and felt the need of presenting the essence of the vijnãna aspect of the Brahmana-texts through modern scientific research methodology. The present work embodies the result of his rigorously followed studies of the last two decades.
Dr. Bhargava has also been following the latest researches in the field of science along with his Vedic studies. Only the other day, he was talking about the efficacy of mantra by support of the scientific researches carried by a Japanese scholar, Masaru Emoto who wrote four volumes under the title the Hidden Messages of the water in which it has been shown how water responds to our words of praise and condemnation. If we speak in terms of praise to water it forms beautiful crystals when frozen but it we condemn it, it forms ugly crystals in a haphazard manner. It means that water, air, fire etc., which are profusely addressed in the Vedas are not blind to our prayers. Vedic mantras assume a new significance in the light of such findings.
In the present work such parallels as that of the famous formula with the definition of yajna as the process of inter change of consciousness and matter into each other have been frequently drawn. This and many other finding well documented with about 1000 quotations from the Vedic literature make the present work valuable not only for the orient lists but also the scientists who are interested such problems as tracing the origin of the universe.
The Brahmana texts are known for the obscurity of their philosophical expositions. It is not easy to decipher the recondite thoughts enshrined in them but what is heartening is that Prof. Dayanand Bhargava Bhargava’s has not only fathomed their depths by delving deep into these primary sources but has also presented his findings in a style which is at once fascinating and illuminating. Many western scholars like Fritof Capra have written copiously on these line but their writings are normally shorn of reference to the primary sources. Viewed from this standpoint Prof. Dayanand Bhargava’s work is a significant contribution to the cause of interpreting the Vedic thought in a modern idiom which scholars all over the world will find useful and interesting.
Needless to say that this work is very much relevant to the modern times as it propounds a holistic paradigm which is eco friendly based on concept of sustainable development which combines peace with prosperity for the whole humanity at a global level.
I am confident that this work will prove to be a welcome addition to the already existing literature of the East and the West on the Vedas.
Acknowledgements | V |
Scheme of Transliteration | VII |
Editor’s Note | IX |
Chapter One Introduction An Overview of the Approach of the Vedas |
|
The Mystery | 3 |
Consciousness the Origin of the Universe | 4 |
The Whole and the part | 4 |
Esoteric style | 5 |
The Divine Triad | 6 |
The Divine Triad and the four Vedas | 6 |
Trayi and Atharva Veda | 6 |
The Duad of Agni and Soma | 7 |
Symbolism the Vedas | 8 |
The Tradition of the Brahmana Texts | 9 |
Cosmos oriented Approach | 10 |
The difficulty of terminology | 10 |
The Model of nature | 11 |
The Art of Living | 11 |
Arya is not a race | 12 |
Knowledge and action | 13 |
Holistic Approach neglected | 13 |
The Divine Science | 14 |
Unity in Diversity | 15 |
Mind and Matter | 15 |
Creator and the creation | 16 |
The Relation of the whole and its parts | 16 |
One Becomes many | 17 |
Four Quadruplet | 17 |
Four Duads | 18 |
Triads | 19 |
The Process of Assimilation | 19 |
The Seasons | 20 |
The Cow | 20 |
Our Bodies | 22 |
The Philosophy of Dynamism | 22 |
Desires | 22 |
The Man | 23 |
The Evolution | 24 |
The Ends of Human life | 26 |
The Five Layers at Micro and macro level | 26 |
The Yajna and our life | 27 |
Chapter Two Harmony |
29-43 |
The Vedic Ethos | |
Worldly well being | 31 |
Education | 34 |
Family Life | 34 |
The Cow | 36 |
Harmony | 36 |
Aryas | 37 |
Pauranic Geography | 39 |
Wars | 39 |
Spiritualism | 41 |
Morality | 41 |
Monotheism | 42 |
Conclusion | 43 |
Chapter Three Pioneers |
45-78 |
A Survey of the representative Major works | |
Brahmanas are the part and parcel of the Vedas | 48 |
Two Portions of the Brahmanas | 48 |
Neglect of Arthavada Portion | 48 |
Condemnation of the Brahmanas | 49 |
Holistic Approach of Modern Science and the Brahmanas | 49 |
Works of Madhusudan Ojha | 50 |
Works of Cosmology | 50 |
Works on Ethics and rituals | 51 |
Works of Giridhara Sharma Chaturvedi: A Disciple of Madhusudan Ojha | 52 |
A Brief summary of Madhusuddan Ojha’s approach | 52 |
The Essence of the four Vedas (Tattva-veda) | 52 |
The Trinity | 54 |
Becoming and being | 54 |
The Universe | 55 |
Macrocosm and Microcosm | 55 |
Sacrifice at Macro level | 56 |
Institutional Aspect of the Vedic view point | 57 |
Shri V.s. Agrawala, Agra 1959 | 43 |
Published by 1972, (Second Edition) | 66 |
Sparks from the Vedic fire by Prof. V.S. Agrawala (Benaras, 1962) | 70 |
Before the beginning and after the end by Shri Rishi Kumar Mishra (New Delhi 2000) | 75 |
Chapter Four Four Vedas |
79-100 |
The Meaning of the Nomenclature of the Vedas | |
The Authority of Manu | 82 |
The Evidence of the Brahmana Texts | 82 |
The Position of Atharva Veda Vstrayl | 83 |
Texts Human Creation but not the reality | 85 |
All Pervasiveness of Trayl | 86 |
Trayl in Space | 86 |
Trayl in Territory | 86 |
Trayl in Time | 86 |
Two Formulas | 86 |
Trayl in Dvijas | 87 |
Extension of Trayl | 87 |
Veda and Vedanta | 87 |
Rgveda | 88 |
Yajus | 89 |
Samveda | 91 |
Atharvaveda | 96 |
Veda as Brahma | 97 |
Chapter Five Psychic Energies |
101-128 |
Treatment of Vedic Devas Rsis, Chandas and Piraras | |
Difference between Deva and Devata | 103 |
Number of Devas | 103 |
The Basis of Monotheism | 104 |
The Basis of Polytheism | 105 |
The Role of Trayl | 105 |
Three Fold Division of thirty three days | 106 |
Anthropomorphic Nature of Devas | 106 |
The Characteristics of Devas | 107 |
Agni | 109 |
Vayu | 111 |
Indra | 113 |
Aditya | 116 |
Indra | 117 |
Dhata | 118 |
Pusa | 118 |
Mira Varuna | 118 |
Aryama | 118 |
Chandas | 120 |
Rssis | 123 |
Pitaras | 126 |
Chapter Six Divine Trinity |
129-154 |
Mana, Prana and Vak | |
The Concept of Purusa | 131 |
The Relation of three Pususas | 132 |
Rasa and Bala | 134 |
Five Kalas of Avyaya | 134 |
Prajapati | 135 |
Mana | 136 |
Prana | 143 |
Prana and Vak | 145 |
Vak | 148 |
Vak as Agni | 148 |
Vak As constituent of Atma | 149 |
Vak as Prajapati | 149 |
Vak in Five Fold Universe | 150 |
Aksara Purusa | 151 |
Principle of Movement | 151 |
Five Kalas of Aksara | 151 |
The Formation of womb | 152 |
Ksara Purusa | 153 |
Quintuplication | 153 |
Chapter Seven Micro Level |
155-184 |
Self and life hereafter | |
The Meaning of Atma | 157 |
Micro and Macro | 157 |
Vedic Terms | 157 |
The Trinity | 159 |
Trivrtkarana | 159 |
Three Questions | 161 |
The Concepts of Equality | 161 |
Give and take | 162 |
Divine Yajna and Human personality | 162 |
Macro Level | 163 |
The Question of Rights | 163 |
Food and Personality | 164 |
Five fold Personality | 166 |
Gross Body or Annamayakosa | 168 |
Pranamayakosa | 168 |
Manomayakosa | 169 |
Vijnanamayakosa | 169 |
Anandamayakosa | 171 |
Different Concepts of Self | 172 |
Three Stages | 173 |
The Transcendental Stage | 174 |
Part II | |
Life Hereafter | 176 |
Re-Birth | 176 |
Heaven | 177 |
Liberation | 178 |
Different Paths | 180 |
Nerves Channels | 182 |
Chapter Eight The Origin of Universe |
185-206 |
Brahmavada and ten theories of Purva-Paksa | |
Vital Energies | 188 |
Two Movements | 189 |
Desires | 190 |
The Birth of Devas | 191 |
Penance | 192 |
Ten theories | 194 |
Sadvada Asadvada | 195 |
Rajovada | 197 |
Aparavada | 200 |
Avaranavada | 201 |
Ambhovada | 202 |
Ahoratravada | 203 |
Deva Vada | 205 |
Samsaya Vada | 205 |
Conclusion | 205 |
Chapter Nine Structure of Universe Five Fold (Pancha-Parva) Universe |
207-218 |
Three Kinds of Creation | 209 |
Three Tier Universe | 210 |
Stability in Movement | 211 |
Five Tier Universe | 211 |
Yajna in the Universe | 213 |
Correspondence of the Universe | 216 |
Movement in the Universe | 217 |
Universe and the Man | 217 |
Chapter Ten Philosophy of Action |
|
The Meaning of Yajna | 221 |
Knowledge and Action | 221 |
Unselfishness | 222 |
Non Possessiveness | 222 |
Essentiality of Karma | 222 |
Creation As a Yajna | 223 |
Five Fold Yajna | 223 |
Liberation and Yajna | 224 |
Another Five Fold Yajna | 224 |
Modern Science and Yajna | 226 |
Einstein and the process of Yajna A Comparison | 226 |
Definition of Yajna by Rsi Aitareya | 227 |
Consciousness in Modern Science | 227 |
Process of Yajna according to Brahmana texts | 228 |
The Role of will power | 228 |
The Role of Vital powers | 228 |
The Vedic Devas and Trayl Vidya | 229 |
Psychology of Yajna | 230 |
Trayl and the classical philosophy | 230 |
Gosava Yajna | 230 |
Cayana Yajna | 231 |
Cit and Citis | 231 |
Punasciti | 232 |
Yajna in the body | 232 |
Karma Yoga | 233 |
Categories of Karmas | 233 |
Tapa | 235 |
Dana | 235 |
Man and Morality | 235 |
Chapter Eleven Celestial Song |
237-268 |
The Gita: Essence of the Vedas | |
The Meaning of the Title of the Gita | 240 |
What is the Meaning of Bhagavan | 240 |
Detachment | 240 |
Knowledge | 240 |
Aisvarya | 241 |
Dharma | 241 |
What is Upanisad | 241 |
What makes a Karma Kamya | 242 |
Gita The Application | 242 |
Classification of the Contents of the Gita | 242 |
Twenty Four Upanisads of the Gita | 243 |
The Higher and the lower Self | 245 |
Two Alternatives | 246 |
Sensuous Pleasures | 246 |
Knowledge of the Immutable | 246 |
Diversity because of limitation | 246 |
Soul is free from modification | 247 |
Obstacles and progress | 247 |
Role of Intellect | 247 |
Buddhi Yoga | 248 |
The Witness | 248 |
Attachment | 248 |
The Nature of Desires | 249 |
The Desire to create | 249 |
Desires | 249 |
Natural desires | 250 |
Nature | 250 |
Wishes of God | 250 |
Concepts of Duty | 250 |
All duties are Equal | 251 |
Performance of duty is not a sin | 251 |
Brahma and Ksatra | 251 |
Injustice | 252 |
Role of Punishment | 252 |
Nature of Reality | 252 |
Change the Aim of Action | 253 |
Action and knowledge | 254 |
Development | 255 |
Education | 257 |
What is Yoga | 258 |
The Root cause of Misery | 258 |
Extroversion and introversion | 258 |
The Three Attitudes | 259 |
Means of Success | 259 |
Three Fold Karmas | 259 |
Another Classification if Karmas | 260 |
Karmas and Division of Life Span | 260 |
Effect and Result of Karma | 260 |
How Karmas Yield Their Results | 261 |
Samskaras | 261 |
Karma and Dharma | 262 |
Yajna in the Nature | 262 |
The Model of divine Way of Acting | 263 |
Harmony | 264 |
Three Bodies | 264 |
Soul: The Source of Happiness | 264 |
Enjoyments | 265 |
Three Kinds of Openness | 265 |
Gradation | 265 |
Happiness of Openness | 266 |
Three Layers of Purusa | 266 |
Ksara Purusa | 266 |
Aksara Purusa | 267 |
Avyaya Purusa | 267 |
Preference for Karma Yoga | 268 |
Bhumodarka | 268 |
Chapter Twelve Epilogue |
269-277 |
Indian Culture: The Holistic Approach of the Vedas | |
Holistic Approach | 271 |
Four ends of human life | 272 |
Material Aspect | 272 |
Trivarga | 272 |
Summum Bonum of life | 272 |
Four Asramas | 273 |
Four Varnas | 273 |
Four Vedas | 274 |
Rgveda | 274 |
Yajurveda | 275 |
Samaveda | 275 |
Apara and Para | 276 |
Atharvaveda | 276 |
Appendix One The Space Time Continuum |
279-303 |
An Introduction of the two Kalasuktas of the Atharvaveda | |
Place of Kala | 281 |
Kala and Mahakala | 281 |
The Real View of Kala | 282 |
Practical view | 282 |
What is present | 283 |
Natural Watches | 283 |
Time And movement | 284 |
Division of time | 284 |
Life Span of Deva | 284 |
Caturyuga | 284 |
Life Span of Sun | 286 |
Present Age of Sun | 286 |
The Smaller Divisions of time | 287 |
Beyond the Solar System | 288 |
Pure Movement | 288 |
Infinite Time Contains the practical time | 288 |
Kala and Movement | 289 |
Role of Kala | 289 |
The Process of Manifestation illustrated | 289 |
Another Role of Movement | 290 |
Five Forms of Movement | 290 |
Trinity of Time | 290 |
The Relations of Time and Space | 290 |
The Role of Chanda | 292 |
Time Eats and We Eat Time | 292 |
Two Forms of Samvatsara | 292 |
Why the Movement is Circular | 292 |
First Kala Sukta Explained | 293 |
Second Kala Sukta Explained | 300 |
Appendix Two | 304-311 |
A Brief Survey of Works on Vedic Literature | |
Works on Cosmology | 305 |
Works on Ethics | 305 |
Works on Vedas From Arya Samaja’s View Point | 306 |
Works on the Philosophy of the Vedas | 307 |
Aurobindo’s Approach | 308 |
Vedas as the Source Book of Philosophy | 309 |
Appendix Three | 312-315 |
A Note on the Position of Atharvaveda (from the introduction of Swami Surjan Dass of Sabda Veda, Compiled by Shri K.C. Kulish) |
|
Bibliography | 316-322 |