The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimated that 80% of the populations of the developing countries roly on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, for their primary health care needs.
Medical plants as a group compromise approximately 8000 species and account for around 50% of all the higher flowering plant-species of India. The Indian systems of medicine have identified around 1500 medicinal plant, of which 500 species are mostly used in the preparation of indigenous formulations
The knowledge accumulates since time immemorial about the medicinal plants (herbs), which have been used as either “Rejuvenators” or “Healers” for the purpose of maintaining positive health or for the cure of different diseases was preserved in the old manuscripts. Everyday millions of people in the Third world are using herbal medicines because they believe in them.
It is know fact that India too has a tremendous wealth of medicinal plants. The Indian Materia Medica is more extensive than their counterparts from the Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, Babylonians, Persian,s Chinese and Arabians, In India westerner introduced modern system of medicine during British period. They brought their own Materia Medica and there was further amalgamation and use of new medicinal plants. However, they very fact that the indigenous system of india Ayurveda survies all trials and tribulations through centuries bears enough testimony to the efficacy of this Indian system, which is evident from the contributions made by western scientists like William Jones Fleming, Ainsile, Roxberg, Drury, Hooker, Warring, dymock.
Warden, Hooper and George Watt. Col. R. N. Chopra started a project at Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine and published a useful and informative volume on indigenous drugs of India.
Unfortunately, however, apart from sporadic attempts by a few reputed in investigators systematic efforts to explore and exploit this valuable potential has been lacking. Real progress in this field could only come through intensive inter-disciplinary work involving organic chemists, pharmacologists and clinicians practicing modern and indigenous system of medicine.
During the last three decades research on Indian herbs picked up momentum as the developed countries are evincing keen interest on safe and effective herbal medications for refractory conditions like Arthritis, Diabetes Asthma, Hypertensions, Obesity, Kidney Stones, peptic ulcer etc. the review of research carried out during 20th century and post independence period reveals that the herbs described in ayurvedic material Medica are possessing significant pharmacological actions as well as therapeutic value.
As for example:
1. | Anxiolytic | -Tulasi( Ocimum Sanctum) |
2. | Anti-anginal | -Arjuna (terminalia Arjuna) |
3. | Hypocholesterolemic | -Guggulu (Commiphora Mukul) |
4. | Anti –Hypertensive | -Jatamamsi(Nardosachys Jatamansi) |
5. | Diuretic | -Apamarga(Achyranthes aspera) |
6. | Hepatoprotective | -Katuki(Picrorhiza Kurroa) |
7. | Anti-arthritic | - Nirgundi (vitex Negundo) |
8. | Anti-ulcer drug | -Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza Glabra) |
9. | Aphrodisiac | -Kapikacchu (Mucuna Pruriens) |
10. | Anti-Cancer | -Bhallataka(Semecarpus Anacardium) |
11. | Anti diabetic | -Bijasara (Pterocarpus Marsupium) |
12. | Immuno-Modulators | -Sdheshsnfhs (Withania Somnifera) Guduchi (tinospora) |
Most of the Ayurvedic drugs are utilized in crude form. But the trends is changing. Reacting to this situations vyas committee has clearly stated “Quite often the ‘Aurvedic Research’ is used toadeater the analysis of Ayurvedic herbs and drugs, in modern laboratories, by those who explore the possibility of isolating some useful and active therapeutic agents for the purposes of enlarging the allopathic pharmacopoeia. It is also being applied to clinical trials of Ayurvedic drugs in the Allopathic hospitals, with a view to test their efficacy for rejection or acceptance thereof by the Allopathic doctors.
In the regional publication of WHO entitled "Herbal Medicine for Human Health" the author Dr. R.R. Chaudhury quotes that "even if the pharmacological activity resides in one plant, it is possible that there are two or three compounds in that plant extract which, together, induce the therapeutic activity. The ap- proach of extraction testing and further fractionation only de- crease the effectiveness of all fractions rather than concentrating all the activity. It has been shown that in approximately half of the plants the activity increases as further fractionation is carried out. However, in the other half, activity decreases as further frac- tionation is done. Scientists at half a dozen pharmaceutical houses have spent an enormous amount of fine and money trying to track down that is alkaloid, which is responsible for the blood sugar lowering or hypoglycaemic effect of a plant Momordica charantia. The fresh aqueous juice of this plant-the vegetable known as bitter ground-is being used by thousands of diabetic patients all over the world. Yet, all attempts to demonstrate in which one compound all this activity resides have failed because the activity in all fractions gets less and less instead of demon- strating enhanced activity in one extract or fraction. The full pharmacological effect will decrease or even disappear if further extraction and fractionation is carried out. Even at the state of laboratory and clinical testing, there are still other pitfalls which one must be aware of. It is now fairly well recognized that a medicinal plant may need to be administered with other sub- stances in order to exert its therapeutic effect. If three plants are given together with black pepper or jaggery or honey, it is pos- sible that every constituent in this combination has a specific effect. The second plant may be potentiating the effect of the first plant and the third plant may be preventing the toxicity of the second plant. The jaggery, honey or lack pepper may be re- leasing the activity of the first plant. In a situation such as this it would be futile to try and determine, by pharmacological screen- ing-in dogs or cats or rats-which plant actually possesses phar- macological activity. As we have seen, there may never be such plant acting alone. Even if the pharmacological activity resides in one plant, it is possible that there are two or three compounds in that plant extract, which, together, induce the therapeutic activity. The approach of extraction, testing and further frac- tionation, which has always been used, will not help. Further extraction and fractionation will only decrease the effectiveness of all fractions rather than concentrating all the activity.
The traditional approach of the following ten steps consists:
Dr. U Ko Ko, Regional Director, WHO, expresses his views about whole drug administration as follows-modern science is founded on the belief that knowledge, as it progresses, accumulated new and improved concepts driving ot the old and the fallible. It prides itself on being objective ad rigorous, yet it fails to recognize that there can be other systems of thought. Phyto therapy ,or herbal medicine, believes in the harmonious view that “the whole plant is greater than the sum of its parts. “Some of the wonder drugs of modern medicine have their roots in indigenous medicine.
SECTION 1: Single & Simple Herbal Recipes for Common Diseases | |
Introduction | 1 |
Jwara (Fever) | 2 |
Atisara (Diarrhoea) | 5 |
Pravahika (Amoebiasis) | 6 |
Arshas (Piles) | 6 |
Grahani (Sprue/IBS) | 7 |
Bhasmaka Roga (Zollinger Ellison Syndro:ne) | 7 |
Visuchika (Cholera) | 8 |
Krimi (Helminthiasis/Worm infestation) | 8 |
Pandu-Kamala(Anaemia-]aundice) | 9 |
Rajayakshma (Tuberculosis) | 10 |
Raktapirra (Haemorrhage) | 10 |
Kasa (Bronchi tis) | 10 |
Aruchi (Distaste) | 11 |
Chardi (Vomiting) | 12 |
Trishna (Thirst) | 12 |
Hicca(Hiccough) | 13 |
Shwasa (Breathlessness/Asthma) | 13 |
Swara-bhanga (Laryngitis) | 14 |
Unmada, Apasmara & Murccha (Psychosis & Epilepsy) | 14 |
Daha (Burning Sensation/Neuri tis) | 15 |
Arditavata (Bell's Palsy/Facial Paralysis) | 15 |
Gridhrasi (Sciatica) | 15 |
Vatarakta (Gout) | 16 |
Urustambha (Disc prolapse syndrome) | 16 |
Manya-stambha/Griva-sthamba (Cervical Spondylosis) | 16 |
Amavata (Arthritis) | 16 |
Shoola (Colic) | 17 |
Udavarta (Flatulence, Retention of Urine etc.) | 18 |
Hridroga (Heart Diseases) | 18 |
Gulma (Abdominal Tumours) | 18 |
Mutrakrcchra(Dysuria) | 18 |
Ashmari (Urolithiasis) | 19 |
Prarneha (Urinary Disorders) | 20 |
Medoroga (Obesity) | 20 |
Karshyarwa (Emaciation) | 21 |
Udara Roga (Ascites & Enlargement of Organs | 21 |
Like Liver & Spleen) | 21 |
Shotha (Oedema) | 22 |
Vriddhi (Hernia) | 22 |
Galaganda (Goitre), Gandamala & Apachi | 22 |
(Cervical Lym p haedini tis) | 23 |
Shleepada (Filariasis) | 23 |
Vidradhi (Abscess) | 24 |
Vrana (Ulcer) | 24 |
Agnidagdha- Vrana (Burns) | 25 |
Bhagna-vrana (Fracture) | 25 |
N adi-vrana (Sinus) | 25 |
Upadamsha (STD) | 25 |
Kushta (Skin Disorders) | 27 |
Sheetapitta (Urticaria) | 27 |
Amlapitta (Gastritis) | 27 |
Visarpa (Erysipelas) | 27 |
Snayuka-vrana (Guniea Worm Infestation) | 27 |
Sheetala (Viral Diseases) | 28 |
Kshudra Roga (Minor Ailments) | 29 |
Mukha Roga (Oral Cavity Diseases) | 29 |
Karna-Roga (Diseases of Ear) | 29 |
Nasa Roga (Nasal Disorders) | 30 |
Netra Roga (Eye Diseases) | 30 |
Shiro Roga (Diseases of Head) | 31 |
Pradara Roga (Female Bleeding Diseases) | 31 |
Garbha-nivarana Yoga (Contraceptives) | 32 |
Soma Roga (Urinary Infection) | 33 |
Vandhyatva-haraandPumsavana-kara | 33 |
(Sterility Therapy and Therapy for Male Progeny) | 33 |
Prasuti Roga, Garbha & Yoni-Roga (Purpeural Diseases) | 33 |
Anartava (Amenorrhoea) | 34 |
Bala-roga (Diseases of Children) | 34 |
Vishadhikara (Anti-dotes of Poisons) | 35 |
Vajikarana (Aphrodisiacs) | 36 |
Rasayana(Rejuvinator) | 36 |
Nidra-nasha(Insomnia) | 37 |
SECTION 2: Research Profiles of Indian Herbs & Herbo-Mineral Formulations | |
Introduction | 62 |
Lifestyle Diseases: Ayurvedic Research Perspective | 65 |
1. Urolithiasis | 67 |
2. Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy | 68 |
3. Liver Diseases (Viral Hepatitis) | 68 |
4. Arthritis | 69 |
5. Diabetes mellitus | 70 |
6. AIDS | 70 |
7. Psoriasis | 71 |
8. Peptic Ulcer | 72 |
9. Obesity and Lipid Disorders | 73 |
10. AyurvedicAnti Malarial Drug: Ayush-64 | 73 |
11. Ischemic Heart Diseases (IHD) | 74 |
12. Bronchial Asthma | 74 |
14. Kshara-sutra in Management of | 75 |
Anal Fistula (Bhagandara) | 75 |
Ayurvedic Metallic Preparations: | 77 |
Nephrc-protecrive but not Nephrotoxic | 77 |
AyurvedicAnti-cancer Drugs | 79 |
1. Gunja (Abrus precatorius) | 79 |
2. Shirisha (Albizzia lebbeck) | 80 |
3. Saptaparna (Alstonia scholaris) | 80 |
4. Rohitaka (Amoora rohitaka) | 80 |
5. Kajutaka (Anacardium occidentale) | 80 |
6. Sitaphala (Annona squamosa) | 80 |
7. Shatavari (Asparagus racernosus) | 80 |
8. Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) | 81 |
9. Shallaki (Boswellia serrara) | 81 |
10. Arka (Calotropis procera) | 81 |
11. Devadaru (Cedrus deodara) | 81 |
12. Dhattura (Datura rnetel) | 81 |
13. Dugdhika (Euphorbia hirta) | 81 |
14. Tilaparni (Gynandropsis pentaphylln) | 81 |
15. Chanchu (Heliotropium indicum) | 82 |
16. Jati Qasminum auriculatum) | 82 |
17. Vyaghra Eranda Oatropha indica) | 82 |
18. Hapusha Ouniperus indicus) | 82 |
19. Hastikarna (Leea macrophylla) | 82 |
20. Dhamargava (Luffa cylindrica) | 82 |
21. Kampillaka (Mallotus philippinensis | 83 |
22. Nimba (Melia azadirachta) | 83 |
23. Shigru (Moringa oleifera) | 83 |
24. Karaveera (Nerium indicum) | 83 |
25. Krishnajeeraka (Nigellasativa) | 83 |
26. Gandha-prasarini (Paederia Ioerida) | 83 |
27. Nagavalli (Piper berle) | 84 |
28. Kalaya (Pisum sativurn) | 84 |
29. Chitraka (Plumbago zeylanica) | 84 |
30. Ashoka (Saraca indica) | 84 |
31. Katuki (Picrorhiza kurroa) | 84 |
32. Bhallataka (Semecarpus anacardiurn) | 84 |
33. Rakta Chitraka (Plumbago rosea) | 85 |
34. Ash wagandha (Wi thania so mnifera) | 85 |
35. Sadabahara (Vinca rosea) | 85 |
Aphrodisiac Effect ofIndigenous Drugs a Myth or Reality? | 87 |
Introduction | 87 |
Treatment with Ayurvedic Drugs | 91 |
KoshtashrayaKamala | 92 |
Shakhashraya Kamala | 93 |
( Halimaka | 93 |
(Symptoms ofIncurable Kamala) | 93 |
1. Devadali (Luffa echinata) | 95 |
2. Neeli (Indigofera tinctoria) | 95 |
3. Utpala (Nymphaea stellara) | 96 |
4. Tulasi (Ocimum sanctum) | 96 |
5. Bhumyamalaki (Phyllanthus Iraternus) | 96 |
6. Pippali (Piper longurn) | 97 |
7. Sankhapushpi (Canscoradecussata) | 97 |
8. Katuki (Picrorhiza kurroa) | 98 |
9.Arogyavardhini | 98 |
Bhasmas (Mineral preparations-Calces) | 99 |
Compound preparations | 100 |
KoshthashritaKamala | 100 |
RuddhapathaKamala (Sakhagata) | 100 |
AyurvedicAmoebicidal Drugs | 102 |
Acacia arabica Willd. (Babbula) | 103 |
Alangium salvifolium (Linn. f) Wang. (Ankola) | 104 |
Albizzia lebbeck (Linn) Benth. (Sirisha) | 104 |
Asparagus racemosus Willd. (Sharavari) | 104 |
Berberis aristata DC. (Daruharidra) | 104 |
Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban (Mandookaparni) | 104 |
Cissus setosa (Barre bachchaali) | 104 |
Clerodendrum infonunatum Linn. (Bharidira) | 104 |
Coccinia indica Weight&Arn. (Bimbi) | 105 |
Curcuma longa Linn. (Haridra) | 105 |
Euphorbia hirra Linn. (Dugdhika) | 105 |
Euphorbia tirucalli Linn. (Sehunda) | 105 |
Ficus religiosa Linn. (Ashwarha) | 105 |
Ficus recemosa Linn. (Udumbara) | 105 |
Holarrhena antidysenterica (Linn.) Wall. (Kutaja) | 105 |
Murrya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. (Surabhinimba) | 106 |
Myrica nagi Thunb. (Karphala) | 106 |
Nigella sativa Linn. (Upakunchika) | 106 |
Oroxylum indicum (Linn.) Vent. (Shyonaka) | 106 |
Aegle marmelos Corr. (Bilwa) | 106 |
Caesal pinia crista Linn. (Latakaranja) | 107 |
Arogyavardhinivati &Ananda-bhairavaRasa | 107 |
Herbal & Herbo Mineral Antacids &Anti Ulcer Drugs | 108 |
1. Herbal Antacids & Anti-ulcer Drugs | 109 |
(a) Amalaki (Emblica offlcinalis) Gaertn. | 109 |
(b) Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.) | 109 |
(c) Shatavari (Asparagu racemosus Wild.) | 110 |
(d) Bhringaraja (Eclipra alba Hassk.) | 110 |
(e) Vasa (Adhatoda vasica ees.) | 110 |
(f) Narikela (Cocos nucifera Linn.) | 111 |
(g) Kadali (Musa sapientum Linn.) | 111 |
II. Herbo Mineral Antaids & Antiulcer Agents | 111 |
Role ofIndigenous Drugs in Ischaemic Heart Diseases | 113 |
Indigenous DrugswithAnti-anginal and | 114 |
HypocholesterolemicEffect | 114 |
IndigenousAn tihypertensiveAgents | 116 |
Indigenous HypoglycaemicAgents | 116 |
Utility ofIndigenous Drugs in Acquired | 117 |
Immuno Deficiency Syndrome | 118 |
Clinical Features of Aids | 118 |
Aids from Ayurvedic Perspectives | 119 |
Etiological Factors of Sosha | 120 |
Symptomatology of Sosha | 121 |
Indigenous Drugs Useful in Aids | 121 |
Anti-inflammatory Ayurvedic Drugs | 125 |
Ricinus communis Linn (Earanda) | 128 |
Balsamodendron mukul Hook. ex Stocks (Guggulu) | 128 |
Tinospora cordifolia Willd. Miers. (Guduchi) | 128 |
Oxalis corniculata Linn. (Changeri) | 128 |
Vitex negundo (Nirgundi) | 129 |
Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. (Punarnava) | 129 |
Semecarpus anacardium Linn. (Bhallataka) | 129 |
Cesalpinia bonducFeming. (Latakaranja) | 129 |
Acorus calamus Linn. (Vacha) | 129 |
Crataeva re!igiosa (Varuna) | 129 |
Curcuma longa (Haridra) | 130 |
Piper longum (Pippali) | 130 |
Prernna obstusifolia (Agnimantha) | 130 |
Prosopis cineraria (Shami) | 130 |
Psoralea corylifolia (Bakuchi) | 130 |
Hemidesmus indicus (Sativa) | 131 |
In ula racemosa (Pushakaramoola) | 131 |
Moringa oleifera (Shigru) | 131 |
Nyctanrhes arbor-tristis (Parijata) | 131 |
Nymphaea srellara (Kumuda) | 132 |
Operculina rurpethum (Trivrut) | 132 |
Ougeiniaojeinenis (Tinisha) | 133 |
Paederia foetida (Gandha Prasarini) | 133 |
IndigenousAntifertility Agents | 135 |
1. Abrus precatorius Linn. (Gunja) | 137 |
2. Argyreia nervosa (Burm. f.) Boj (Vriddhadaru) | 137 |
3. Butea monosperma (Lamk.) Taub (Palasha) | 137 |
4. Datura mete! Linn. (Dhanura) | 138 |
5. Dendrophthoe falcata Linn. f. (Vriksharuha) | 138 |
6. Nymphaea nouchali Burm. f. (Ralcrorpala) | 138 |
7. Oryza granulata (Devdhana) | 138 |
8. Strychnos nuxvomica Linn. (Vishamushti) | 138 |
9. Ficus racemosa Linn. (Udurnbar) | 139 |
10. Mangifera indica Linn. (Amra) | 139 |
11. Musa paradisiaca Linn. (Kadali) | 139 |
12. Ricinus communis Linn. (Eranda) | 139 |
13. Azadirachta indicaA.Juss. (Nirnba) | 139 |
Rasayana Drugs (Natural Antioxidants) | 142 |
l. Shankapushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis) | 143 |
2. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) | 143 |
3. Punarnava (Boerhaavia diffusa Linn.) | 144 |
4. Mandookaparni (Centella asiatica Linn.) | 144 |
5. Pippali (Piper longum Linn.) | 145 |
6. Amalaki (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) | 145 |
7. Bakuchi (Psoralea coxylifolia Linn.) | 145 |
8. Tuvaraka (Hydnocarpus wightiana Blume) | 145 |
9. Guggulu (Cornmiphora rnukul Hook. ex Stocks) | 146 |
Role of Ayurvedic Drugs in the Management of Arshas (Haemorrhoids) | 148 |
Hazards of Allopathic Anti-Diabetic Drugs & Safery of Ayurvedic Herbal Drugs | 154 |
Ayurvedic Oral Anti-Diabetic Herbal Drugs . 1. Pterocorpus marsupium (Bijasara) | 159 |
2. Momordica charantia Linn. (Karavella) | 159 |
3. Azadirachta indicaA. Juss ( irnba) | 160 |
4. Cinnamomum tamala ees. & Eberm. (Tejapatra) | 160 |
5. Gymnema sylvesrre R. Br. (Mesha Shringi) | 160 |
6. Eugenia jambolana Lam. (jambu) | 161 |
7. Ocimum sanctum Linn. (Tulasi) | 161 |
8. Phyllanthus fraternus (Bhumyamalaki) | 161 |
9. Ficus racemosa (Udurnbara) | 161 |
10. Ficus bengalensis Linn. (Vata) | 161 |
11. Inula racemosa Hook. f. (Pushkaramoola) | 162 |
12. Enicostema littorale Blume (Mamejjaka) | 162 |
13. Salacia prenoides (Ponkoranti) | 162 |
14. Murraya koenigii Spreng. (Surabhinimba) | 162 |
15. Strychnos potarorum Linn. (Nirmali) | 162 |
16. Aloe barbadensis Mill (Kumari) | 162 |
17. Curcuma longa Linn. (Haridra) | 163 |
Oral Hypoglycemic Herbo-Mineral Recipe | 163 |
Chandraprabhavati | 163 |
Herbal Bitters like Bitter Gourd, | 164 |
Neem : Safe Antidiabetic Herbs | 164 |
Use ofSunf1ower Oil Increases the Risk of Diabetes | 165 |
Perennial Herb as Natural Sweetener | 165 |
Ayurvedic Metallic Preparations | |
Nephroprotective but not Nephrotoxic | 168 |
Group-I | 170 |
(Without Makaradhwaja pre-treatment control animals) | 170 |
Group-II | 170 |
(Pretreated with Makaradwaja) | 170 |
Results | 171 |
Utilitarian Values of Medical-Lore of Ramp a Agency, | |
(A.P.) in Primary Health Care | 173 |
Study of Malia Sindoor Compound in Bronchial Asthma 1 | |
Essentials of Diagnosis | 176 |
Methdos & Materials | 178 |
Results | 179 |
Effect of Simhanada Guggul & | |
Maharasnadi Kwatha in Sandhivata | 181 |
Methods and Materials | 182 |
Results | 183 |
Clinical-Pharmacological Studyof | |
Abhayadi Modaka-a Herbal Purgative | 185 |
Materials and Methods | 187 |
Results | 187 |
Onset of Action | 188 |
Duration of Action | 188 |
Adverse Effect | 188 |
Umber of Stools Passed | 188 |
Reidenrification of Herbs of Char aka's Dasaemani Ganas | 189 |
Jeevaniya Varga | 191 |
Brimhaneeya Varga | 192 |
Lekhaniya Varga | 193 |
Bhedaneeya Varga | 193 |
Sandhaneeya Varga | 194 |
Deepaniya Varga | 194 |
Balya Varga | 194 |
Varnya Varga | 195 |
Kanthya Varga | 195 |
Hrdya Varga | 196 |
Trptighna Varga | 196 |
Arshoghna Varga | 197 |
Kushtaghna Varga | 197 |
Kandughna Varga | 197 |
Krimighna Varga | 198 |
Vishaghna Varga | 198 |
Stanyajanana Varga | 198 |
Sthanya-shodhana Varga | 199 |
Shukra-janana Varga | 199 |
Shukra-shodhana Varga. | 200 |
Snehopaga Varga | 200 |
Swedopaga Varga | 201 |
Vamanopaga Varga | 201 |
Virechanopaga Varga | 202 |
Asthapanopaga Varga | 202 |
Anuvasanopaga Varga | 202 |
Shiro-virechaneeya Varga | 203 |
Chardi-nigrahana Varga | 203 |
Thrushna-nigrahana Varga | 204 |
Hikka-nigrahana Varga | 204 |
Pureesha-sangrahaniya Varga | 204 |
Pureesha-virajaneeya Varga | 205 |
Mutra-sangrahaneeya Varga | 206 |
Mutra-virarjaneeya Varga | 206 |
Mutra-virechaneeya Varga | 207 |
Kasahara Varga | 207 |
Shwasahara Varga | 207 |
Swayathuhara Varga | 208 |
Jwarahara Varga | 209 |
Shramahara Varga | 209 |
Daha-prasharnana Varga | 210 |
Sheeta-prashamana Varga | 210 |
Udarda-prashamana Varga | 210 |
Shula-prasharnana Varga | 211 |
Angamarda-prasamana Varga | 211 |
Shonitastapana Varga | 211 |
Vedanasthapa Varga | 212 |
Sanjna-sthapana Varga | 213 |
Praja-sthapana Varga | 217 |
Vayaha-sthapana Varga | 218 |
Unidentified Drugs | 219 |
Conclusion | 219 |
Anti-Microbial & Anti-Viral Herbal Drugs | 220 |
1. Achyranthes aspera Linn. (Arnaranrhaceae) | 220 |
2. Acorus calamus Linn. (Araceae) | 220 |
3. Alpinia galanga Willd | 220 |
5. Azadirachta indica A. J uss (Meliaceae) | 220 |
6. Berberis aristata DC (Berberidaceae) | 221 |
7. Bryophyllum calycinum salisb (Crassulaceae) | 221 |
8. Cassia fistula Linn. (Caesalpinaceae) | 221 |
9. Cassia occidentalis Linn. (Caesalpinaceae) | 221 |
10. Cucurbita maxima Duchesne (Cucurbitaceae) | |
11. Curcuma longa Linn (Zingiberaceae) | |
Cyperus rotundus Linn. (Cyperaceae) | 221 |
13. Desmodium gangeticum DC (Fabaceae) | 222 |
14. Emblica offlcinalis Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) | 222 |
15. Hedychium spicatum Buch-Ham (Zingiberaceae) | 222 |
16. Helianthus annuus Linn. (Asteraceae) | 222 |
17. Hemidesmus indicus (Linn.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) | 222 |
18. Inula racemosa Hook. F. (Asteraceae) | 223 |
19. Jasminum offlcinale Linn. (Oleaceae) | 223 |
20. Lawsonia inermis Linn. (Lyrhraceae) | 223 |
21. Leptadenia rericulata Wight & Am. (Asclepiodaceae) | 223 |
22. Leucas aspera (Willd.) Spreng. (Lamiaceae; Labiatae) | 223 |
23. Madhuca longifolia (Koen) Macb. (Saporaceae) | 223 |
24. Mallotus philippinensis (Lam.) | |
Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) | 224 |
25. Melia azedarach Linn. (Meliaceae) | 224 |
26. Mentha spicata Linn. (Lamiaceae) | 224 |
27. Mesua ferrea Linn. (Guttiferae) | 224 |
28. Mimusops elengi Linn. (Saporaceae) | 224 |
29. Momordicacharantia Linn. (Cucurbitaceae) | 224 |
30. Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) | 225 |
31. Murraya Koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. (Rutaceae) | 225 |
32. Myristica fragrans Houtt. (Myrisricaceae) | 225 |
33. Nardostachys jatamansi DC (Valerianaceae) | 225 |
34. Nigellasativa Linn. (Ranunculaceae) | 226 |
35. Ocimum americanum Linn. (Larniaceae) | 226 |
36. Ocimum basilicum Linn. | 226 |
37. Ocimum sanctum Linn. | 227 |
38. Phyllanrhus urinaria Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) | 227 |
39. Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex. Benth. (Scrophulariaceae) 227 | |
40. Piper betle Linn. (Piperaceae) | 227 |
41. Piper cubeba Linn. f. (Piperaceae) | 228 |
42. Piper longum Linn. (Piperaceae) | 228 |
43. Piper nigrum Linn. (Piperaceae) | 228 |
44. Plumbago zeylanica Linn (Plumbaginaceae) | 228 |
45. Pongamia pin nata (Linn.) Pierre (Fabaceae) | 229 |
46. Prunus amygdalus Barsch (Rosaceae) | 229 |
47. Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (Fabaceae) | 230 |
48. Punica granatum Linn. (Punicaceae) | 230 |
Chemotherapy of Viral Infection | 230 |
Ayurvedic Herbal Tranquillizers/Psychotropic Durgs | 233 |
1. Hedychium spicatum (Shari) | 235 |
2. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Japa) | 235 |
3. Jasminum sambac (Sumana) | 235 |
4. Marsilia minuta (Sunishannaka) | 235 |
5. Melia azadirachta (Nirnba) | 236 |
6. Nardostachys jatamansi (Jatamamsi) | 236 |
7. Ocimum sanctum (Tulasi) | 237 |
8. Psoralea corylifolia (Bakuchi) | 237 |
9. Boerhaavia diffusa (Punarnava) | 238 |
10. Bacopa monniera (Brahmi) | 238 |
11. Datura fastuosa (Dhattura) | 239 |
12. Bambusa bambos (Vamsha) | 239 |
13. Annona squamosa (Sitaphala) | 239 |
14. Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) | 239 |
15. Cassia fistula (Aragwadha) | 240 |
16. Moringa oleifera (Shigru) | 240 |
17. Acorus calamus (Vacha) | 241 |
18. Apium graveolens (Ajamoda) | 241 |
19. Bauhinia variegata (Kanchanara) | 241 |
20. Canscoradecussata (Shankhapushpi) | 241 |
21. Celastrus paniculatus (Jyotishmati) | 241 |
22. Centella asiatica (Mandookaparni) | 242 |
23. Convolvulus pluricaulis (Shankhapushpi) | 242 |
24. Cyperus rotundus (Musta) | 242 |
25. Erythrina indica (Paribhadra) | 243 |
Study ofIndigenous Depilatories | 245 |
Introduction | 245 |
Methods and Materials | 246 |
Results & Discussion | 247 |
Acalypha indica Linn. : A Folk Lore Drug | 248 |
Antifungal Activity of Alkanna tinctoria (Dineshvalli) | 250 |
Introduction | 250 |
Materials and Methods | 250 |
Results | 251 |
Discussion | 252 |
Summary | 253 |
Anti obesity & HypolipidemicAyurvedic Drugs | 255 |
1. Agave vera | 255 |
2. Cicer arietinurn | 256 |
3. Allium cepa | 256 |
4. Curcuma amada | 257 |
5. Commiphora mukul | 258 |
6. Mucuna pruriens | 258 |
7. Picrorrhiza kurroa | 258 |
8. Piper nigrum | 258 |
9. Pisurn sativurn | 259 |
10. Pterocarpus marsupium | 259 |
11. Terminalia chebula | 259 |
12. Myristica fragrans | 259 |
13. Carum copricurn | 260 |
14. Terrninalia arjuna | 261 |
15. Allium sativurn | 261 |
16. Linum usitatissirnum | 261 |
17. Cymbopogon citrates | 261 |
18. Trigonella foen um-graecum | 262 |
19. Panax ginseng | 262 |
20. Plantago ovata | 262 |
21. Zingiber officinale | 263 |
22. Embelia ribes | 263 |
23. Emblica officinal is | 263 |
24. Plumbago zeylanica | 263 |
25. Tinispora cordifolia | 263 |
26. Cyperus rotundus | 263 |
27. Garcinia cambogia | 263 |
Cholesterol level and Yogic training programme | 263 |
Triphala: Anti-oxidant and Anti-cancer formulation | 264 |
Modern Herbs in Current Clinical Practice | 268 |
Arnica | 268 |
Ginkgo | 269 |
Silymarin (Silibinin) | 271 |
St John's wort | 0 |
Arogyapacha (Trichopuszeylanicus) | 273 |
Traditional Medicine Leads to New Patents | |
Ginseng | 276 |
Modern Science and Ginseng | 276 |
Noni | 277 |
Safed Musali (Chlorophytum Borivilianum) | 278 |
Kava (Piper methysticurn) | 280 |
Basic Research on An ti -cancer Poten rial | 284 |
Skin Rashes | 286 |
Liver Damage Inciden ts | 289 |
Ancistrocladus korupensis : Herbal Hope for AIDS | 289 |
Artemisia absinthium (Wormwood) | 290 |
Garciniac(lmbogia) | 290 |
Section 3: EssentialAyurvedic Formulations for Common Diseases | 294 |
Gastro-intestinal Diseases | 295 |
Stomatitis | 295 |
Dyspepsia &Anorexia | 295 |
Gastritis (Hyperacidity) | 295 |
Hiccough | 296 |
Colic (Adbdominal Pain) | 296 |
Peptic-Ulcer | 296 |
Vomiting | 297 |
Diarrhoea | 297 |
IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) | 298 |
Dysentery | 299 |
Jaundice (Hepatitis) | 299 |
Ascites | 300 |
InfantileHepaticCirrhosis | 300 |
Amoebiasis | 301 |
Gallstones | 301 |
Constipation | 301 |
Piles (Haemorrhoids) | 302 |
Worms (Helminthiasis) | 302 |
Cardio- Vasccular Diseases | 303 |
Hypertension | 303 |
IH D (Angina & MI) | 304 |
Congestive Heart Failure | 304 |
Respiratory Diseases | 305 |
Asthma | 305 |
Bronchitis (Cough) | 305 |
Corryza (Cold) | 306 |
Nervous System Disorders | 306 |
Headache | 306 |
Migraine | 307 |
Sinusitis | 307 |
Hemiplegia(Paralysis) | 307 |
Bell's Palsy (Facial Paralysis) | 308 |
Epilepsy | 309 |
Sciatica | 309 |
Musculo-skeletal Disorder | 310 |
Lumbago (Backache) | 310 |
Cervical Spondylosis | 310 |
Arthritis | 310 |
Uro-genital Disorders | 311 |
Urolithiasis (Stone in Kidney) | 311 |
Cystisis | 311 |
RenalFailure | 312 |
Prostate Enlargement (BPH) | 312 |
Impotence | 313 |
Infectious Diseases | 313 |
Influenza | 313 |
Mumps | 313 |
Chicken Pox and Measles | 314 |
Folariasis | 315 |
Malaria | 315 |
Skin Diseases | 316 |
Leprosy | 316 |
Burns | 317 |
Chaffed Soles (Cracks) | 317 |
Whitlow | 317 |
Pediculosis (Lice Infection) | 317 |
Warts | 318 |
Corns | 318 |
Boils | 318 |
Tinea Versicolor | 318 |
Scabies | 319 |
RingWorm | 320 |
Urticaria | 320 |
Acne (Pimples) or Acne Vulgaris | 321 |
Eczema | 322 |
Psoriasis | 322 |
Leucoderma (Vitiligo) | 323 |
Wounds-Ulcers | 323 |
Herpes Zoster | 323 |
Gynecological Diseases | 324 |
Leucorrhoea (Whi te Discharge) | 324 |
Menorrhagia (Bleeding) | 325 |
Miscellaneous Conditions (E.N.T. and Eye Diseases) | 325 |
Vertigo | 325 |
Psychosis | 0 |
Insomnia | 326 |
Anxiery Neurosis | 326 |
Conjunctivitis | 327 |
Toothache | 327 |
Pyorrhoea(Gingivitis) | 327 |
EarAche | 327 |
Epistaxis | 328 |
Tonsillitis | 328 |
DiabetesMellirus | 328 |
Anemia | 329 |
Oderna | 329 |
Cancer | 329 |
HIV/AIDS | 330 |
ANNEXURE-l | |
T rid osha the 'Being' Theory | 331 |
The Trio | 332 |
The Origin | 332 |
Varied Interpretations | 334 |
Vata | 334 |
Pi tta | 335 |
Kapha | |
Contribution of Ayurvedic Social & Preventive | 339 |
Medecine to Comprehensive Health Care | |
Prevenrive Perspective ofPanchakarma | 344 |
Therapy in Comprehensive Health Care | 344 |
Introduction | 345 |
Five Levels of Prevenrion | 347 |
Charaka's Scheme ofPrevenrion of Diseases | 349 |
Ayurvedic Pharmaceuticals: Past & Present | 351 |
DrugStandardisation | |
ANNEXURE-2 | 353 |
Priority of Areas of Research | 353 |
First Priori ry | |
Secondary Priority | |
ANNEXURE-3 | |
List of Refractory Diseases for Which | |
Ayurvedic Treatment is More Popular | 355 |
ANNEXURE-4 | |
List of Essential Formulations | 357 |
ANNEXURE-5 | |
Popular Ayurvedic Formulations | |
Marketed Currently in India 3 | 61 |
ANNEXURE-6 | |
Drugs Required in Bulk Quantities for Manufacturing | |
Most Popular Ayurvedic Formu.lations | 363 |
ANN EXURE-7 | |
Drugs in Demand for Manufacturing | |
Patent Ayurvedic Medicines | 365 |
ANNEXURE-8 | |
List of Medicinal Plants Identified for Cultivation | 367 |
ANNEXURE-9 | |
List of Herbs Mentioned in Vtzrious Herbal Recipes | 369 |
ANNEXURE-l 0 | |
1. Antacids & Anti-ulcer Drugs | 375 |
2. Viral Hepatitis (Kamala | 379 |
3. AyurvedicAmoebicidal Drugs | 376 |
4. Drugs in the Management of Arshas (Haemorrhoids) | 377 |
5. Anti-inflammatory Ayurvedic Drugs | 377 |
6. Indigenous HypoglycaemicAgents | 378 |
7. Herbal Tranquillizersl Psychotropic Drugs | 379 |
8. Drugs in Ischemic Heart Disease | 379 |
9. Indigenous Antihypertensive Agents | 380 |
10. Anti-microbial & Anti-viral Herbal Drugs | 380 |
1l. Anti-viral Drugs | 381 |
12. AyurvedicAnti-cancer Drugs | 382 |
13. Indigenous Drugs in Acquired Immuno- | |
Deficiency Syndrome | 383 |
14. Rasayana Drugs - NaturalAnti-oxidants | 383 |
15. Aphrodisiac Effect ofIndigenous Drugs | 384 |
16. Anti-fertility Agents | 384 |
Bibliography | 386 |
The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimated that 80% of the populations of the developing countries roly on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, for their primary health care needs.
Medical plants as a group compromise approximately 8000 species and account for around 50% of all the higher flowering plant-species of India. The Indian systems of medicine have identified around 1500 medicinal plant, of which 500 species are mostly used in the preparation of indigenous formulations
The knowledge accumulates since time immemorial about the medicinal plants (herbs), which have been used as either “Rejuvenators” or “Healers” for the purpose of maintaining positive health or for the cure of different diseases was preserved in the old manuscripts. Everyday millions of people in the Third world are using herbal medicines because they believe in them.
It is know fact that India too has a tremendous wealth of medicinal plants. The Indian Materia Medica is more extensive than their counterparts from the Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, Babylonians, Persian,s Chinese and Arabians, In India westerner introduced modern system of medicine during British period. They brought their own Materia Medica and there was further amalgamation and use of new medicinal plants. However, they very fact that the indigenous system of india Ayurveda survies all trials and tribulations through centuries bears enough testimony to the efficacy of this Indian system, which is evident from the contributions made by western scientists like William Jones Fleming, Ainsile, Roxberg, Drury, Hooker, Warring, dymock.
Warden, Hooper and George Watt. Col. R. N. Chopra started a project at Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine and published a useful and informative volume on indigenous drugs of India.
Unfortunately, however, apart from sporadic attempts by a few reputed in investigators systematic efforts to explore and exploit this valuable potential has been lacking. Real progress in this field could only come through intensive inter-disciplinary work involving organic chemists, pharmacologists and clinicians practicing modern and indigenous system of medicine.
During the last three decades research on Indian herbs picked up momentum as the developed countries are evincing keen interest on safe and effective herbal medications for refractory conditions like Arthritis, Diabetes Asthma, Hypertensions, Obesity, Kidney Stones, peptic ulcer etc. the review of research carried out during 20th century and post independence period reveals that the herbs described in ayurvedic material Medica are possessing significant pharmacological actions as well as therapeutic value.
As for example:
1. | Anxiolytic | -Tulasi( Ocimum Sanctum) |
2. | Anti-anginal | -Arjuna (terminalia Arjuna) |
3. | Hypocholesterolemic | -Guggulu (Commiphora Mukul) |
4. | Anti –Hypertensive | -Jatamamsi(Nardosachys Jatamansi) |
5. | Diuretic | -Apamarga(Achyranthes aspera) |
6. | Hepatoprotective | -Katuki(Picrorhiza Kurroa) |
7. | Anti-arthritic | - Nirgundi (vitex Negundo) |
8. | Anti-ulcer drug | -Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza Glabra) |
9. | Aphrodisiac | -Kapikacchu (Mucuna Pruriens) |
10. | Anti-Cancer | -Bhallataka(Semecarpus Anacardium) |
11. | Anti diabetic | -Bijasara (Pterocarpus Marsupium) |
12. | Immuno-Modulators | -Sdheshsnfhs (Withania Somnifera) Guduchi (tinospora) |
Most of the Ayurvedic drugs are utilized in crude form. But the trends is changing. Reacting to this situations vyas committee has clearly stated “Quite often the ‘Aurvedic Research’ is used toadeater the analysis of Ayurvedic herbs and drugs, in modern laboratories, by those who explore the possibility of isolating some useful and active therapeutic agents for the purposes of enlarging the allopathic pharmacopoeia. It is also being applied to clinical trials of Ayurvedic drugs in the Allopathic hospitals, with a view to test their efficacy for rejection or acceptance thereof by the Allopathic doctors.
In the regional publication of WHO entitled "Herbal Medicine for Human Health" the author Dr. R.R. Chaudhury quotes that "even if the pharmacological activity resides in one plant, it is possible that there are two or three compounds in that plant extract which, together, induce the therapeutic activity. The ap- proach of extraction testing and further fractionation only de- crease the effectiveness of all fractions rather than concentrating all the activity. It has been shown that in approximately half of the plants the activity increases as further fractionation is carried out. However, in the other half, activity decreases as further frac- tionation is done. Scientists at half a dozen pharmaceutical houses have spent an enormous amount of fine and money trying to track down that is alkaloid, which is responsible for the blood sugar lowering or hypoglycaemic effect of a plant Momordica charantia. The fresh aqueous juice of this plant-the vegetable known as bitter ground-is being used by thousands of diabetic patients all over the world. Yet, all attempts to demonstrate in which one compound all this activity resides have failed because the activity in all fractions gets less and less instead of demon- strating enhanced activity in one extract or fraction. The full pharmacological effect will decrease or even disappear if further extraction and fractionation is carried out. Even at the state of laboratory and clinical testing, there are still other pitfalls which one must be aware of. It is now fairly well recognized that a medicinal plant may need to be administered with other sub- stances in order to exert its therapeutic effect. If three plants are given together with black pepper or jaggery or honey, it is pos- sible that every constituent in this combination has a specific effect. The second plant may be potentiating the effect of the first plant and the third plant may be preventing the toxicity of the second plant. The jaggery, honey or lack pepper may be re- leasing the activity of the first plant. In a situation such as this it would be futile to try and determine, by pharmacological screen- ing-in dogs or cats or rats-which plant actually possesses phar- macological activity. As we have seen, there may never be such plant acting alone. Even if the pharmacological activity resides in one plant, it is possible that there are two or three compounds in that plant extract, which, together, induce the therapeutic activity. The approach of extraction, testing and further frac- tionation, which has always been used, will not help. Further extraction and fractionation will only decrease the effectiveness of all fractions rather than concentrating all the activity.
The traditional approach of the following ten steps consists:
Dr. U Ko Ko, Regional Director, WHO, expresses his views about whole drug administration as follows-modern science is founded on the belief that knowledge, as it progresses, accumulated new and improved concepts driving ot the old and the fallible. It prides itself on being objective ad rigorous, yet it fails to recognize that there can be other systems of thought. Phyto therapy ,or herbal medicine, believes in the harmonious view that “the whole plant is greater than the sum of its parts. “Some of the wonder drugs of modern medicine have their roots in indigenous medicine.
SECTION 1: Single & Simple Herbal Recipes for Common Diseases | |
Introduction | 1 |
Jwara (Fever) | 2 |
Atisara (Diarrhoea) | 5 |
Pravahika (Amoebiasis) | 6 |
Arshas (Piles) | 6 |
Grahani (Sprue/IBS) | 7 |
Bhasmaka Roga (Zollinger Ellison Syndro:ne) | 7 |
Visuchika (Cholera) | 8 |
Krimi (Helminthiasis/Worm infestation) | 8 |
Pandu-Kamala(Anaemia-]aundice) | 9 |
Rajayakshma (Tuberculosis) | 10 |
Raktapirra (Haemorrhage) | 10 |
Kasa (Bronchi tis) | 10 |
Aruchi (Distaste) | 11 |
Chardi (Vomiting) | 12 |
Trishna (Thirst) | 12 |
Hicca(Hiccough) | 13 |
Shwasa (Breathlessness/Asthma) | 13 |
Swara-bhanga (Laryngitis) | 14 |
Unmada, Apasmara & Murccha (Psychosis & Epilepsy) | 14 |
Daha (Burning Sensation/Neuri tis) | 15 |
Arditavata (Bell's Palsy/Facial Paralysis) | 15 |
Gridhrasi (Sciatica) | 15 |
Vatarakta (Gout) | 16 |
Urustambha (Disc prolapse syndrome) | 16 |
Manya-stambha/Griva-sthamba (Cervical Spondylosis) | 16 |
Amavata (Arthritis) | 16 |
Shoola (Colic) | 17 |
Udavarta (Flatulence, Retention of Urine etc.) | 18 |
Hridroga (Heart Diseases) | 18 |
Gulma (Abdominal Tumours) | 18 |
Mutrakrcchra(Dysuria) | 18 |
Ashmari (Urolithiasis) | 19 |
Prarneha (Urinary Disorders) | 20 |
Medoroga (Obesity) | 20 |
Karshyarwa (Emaciation) | 21 |
Udara Roga (Ascites & Enlargement of Organs | 21 |
Like Liver & Spleen) | 21 |
Shotha (Oedema) | 22 |
Vriddhi (Hernia) | 22 |
Galaganda (Goitre), Gandamala & Apachi | 22 |
(Cervical Lym p haedini tis) | 23 |
Shleepada (Filariasis) | 23 |
Vidradhi (Abscess) | 24 |
Vrana (Ulcer) | 24 |
Agnidagdha- Vrana (Burns) | 25 |
Bhagna-vrana (Fracture) | 25 |
N adi-vrana (Sinus) | 25 |
Upadamsha (STD) | 25 |
Kushta (Skin Disorders) | 27 |
Sheetapitta (Urticaria) | 27 |
Amlapitta (Gastritis) | 27 |
Visarpa (Erysipelas) | 27 |
Snayuka-vrana (Guniea Worm Infestation) | 27 |
Sheetala (Viral Diseases) | 28 |
Kshudra Roga (Minor Ailments) | 29 |
Mukha Roga (Oral Cavity Diseases) | 29 |
Karna-Roga (Diseases of Ear) | 29 |
Nasa Roga (Nasal Disorders) | 30 |
Netra Roga (Eye Diseases) | 30 |
Shiro Roga (Diseases of Head) | 31 |
Pradara Roga (Female Bleeding Diseases) | 31 |
Garbha-nivarana Yoga (Contraceptives) | 32 |
Soma Roga (Urinary Infection) | 33 |
Vandhyatva-haraandPumsavana-kara | 33 |
(Sterility Therapy and Therapy for Male Progeny) | 33 |
Prasuti Roga, Garbha & Yoni-Roga (Purpeural Diseases) | 33 |
Anartava (Amenorrhoea) | 34 |
Bala-roga (Diseases of Children) | 34 |
Vishadhikara (Anti-dotes of Poisons) | 35 |
Vajikarana (Aphrodisiacs) | 36 |
Rasayana(Rejuvinator) | 36 |
Nidra-nasha(Insomnia) | 37 |
SECTION 2: Research Profiles of Indian Herbs & Herbo-Mineral Formulations | |
Introduction | 62 |
Lifestyle Diseases: Ayurvedic Research Perspective | 65 |
1. Urolithiasis | 67 |
2. Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy | 68 |
3. Liver Diseases (Viral Hepatitis) | 68 |
4. Arthritis | 69 |
5. Diabetes mellitus | 70 |
6. AIDS | 70 |
7. Psoriasis | 71 |
8. Peptic Ulcer | 72 |
9. Obesity and Lipid Disorders | 73 |
10. AyurvedicAnti Malarial Drug: Ayush-64 | 73 |
11. Ischemic Heart Diseases (IHD) | 74 |
12. Bronchial Asthma | 74 |
14. Kshara-sutra in Management of | 75 |
Anal Fistula (Bhagandara) | 75 |
Ayurvedic Metallic Preparations: | 77 |
Nephrc-protecrive but not Nephrotoxic | 77 |
AyurvedicAnti-cancer Drugs | 79 |
1. Gunja (Abrus precatorius) | 79 |
2. Shirisha (Albizzia lebbeck) | 80 |
3. Saptaparna (Alstonia scholaris) | 80 |
4. Rohitaka (Amoora rohitaka) | 80 |
5. Kajutaka (Anacardium occidentale) | 80 |
6. Sitaphala (Annona squamosa) | 80 |
7. Shatavari (Asparagus racernosus) | 80 |
8. Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) | 81 |
9. Shallaki (Boswellia serrara) | 81 |
10. Arka (Calotropis procera) | 81 |
11. Devadaru (Cedrus deodara) | 81 |
12. Dhattura (Datura rnetel) | 81 |
13. Dugdhika (Euphorbia hirta) | 81 |
14. Tilaparni (Gynandropsis pentaphylln) | 81 |
15. Chanchu (Heliotropium indicum) | 82 |
16. Jati Qasminum auriculatum) | 82 |
17. Vyaghra Eranda Oatropha indica) | 82 |
18. Hapusha Ouniperus indicus) | 82 |
19. Hastikarna (Leea macrophylla) | 82 |
20. Dhamargava (Luffa cylindrica) | 82 |
21. Kampillaka (Mallotus philippinensis | 83 |
22. Nimba (Melia azadirachta) | 83 |
23. Shigru (Moringa oleifera) | 83 |
24. Karaveera (Nerium indicum) | 83 |
25. Krishnajeeraka (Nigellasativa) | 83 |
26. Gandha-prasarini (Paederia Ioerida) | 83 |
27. Nagavalli (Piper berle) | 84 |
28. Kalaya (Pisum sativurn) | 84 |
29. Chitraka (Plumbago zeylanica) | 84 |
30. Ashoka (Saraca indica) | 84 |
31. Katuki (Picrorhiza kurroa) | 84 |
32. Bhallataka (Semecarpus anacardiurn) | 84 |
33. Rakta Chitraka (Plumbago rosea) | 85 |
34. Ash wagandha (Wi thania so mnifera) | 85 |
35. Sadabahara (Vinca rosea) | 85 |
Aphrodisiac Effect ofIndigenous Drugs a Myth or Reality? | 87 |
Introduction | 87 |
Treatment with Ayurvedic Drugs | 91 |
KoshtashrayaKamala | 92 |
Shakhashraya Kamala | 93 |
( Halimaka | 93 |
(Symptoms ofIncurable Kamala) | 93 |
1. Devadali (Luffa echinata) | 95 |
2. Neeli (Indigofera tinctoria) | 95 |
3. Utpala (Nymphaea stellara) | 96 |
4. Tulasi (Ocimum sanctum) | 96 |
5. Bhumyamalaki (Phyllanthus Iraternus) | 96 |
6. Pippali (Piper longurn) | 97 |
7. Sankhapushpi (Canscoradecussata) | 97 |
8. Katuki (Picrorhiza kurroa) | 98 |
9.Arogyavardhini | 98 |
Bhasmas (Mineral preparations-Calces) | 99 |
Compound preparations | 100 |
KoshthashritaKamala | 100 |
RuddhapathaKamala (Sakhagata) | 100 |
AyurvedicAmoebicidal Drugs | 102 |
Acacia arabica Willd. (Babbula) | 103 |
Alangium salvifolium (Linn. f) Wang. (Ankola) | 104 |
Albizzia lebbeck (Linn) Benth. (Sirisha) | 104 |
Asparagus racemosus Willd. (Sharavari) | 104 |
Berberis aristata DC. (Daruharidra) | 104 |
Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban (Mandookaparni) | 104 |
Cissus setosa (Barre bachchaali) | 104 |
Clerodendrum infonunatum Linn. (Bharidira) | 104 |
Coccinia indica Weight&Arn. (Bimbi) | 105 |
Curcuma longa Linn. (Haridra) | 105 |
Euphorbia hirra Linn. (Dugdhika) | 105 |
Euphorbia tirucalli Linn. (Sehunda) | 105 |
Ficus religiosa Linn. (Ashwarha) | 105 |
Ficus recemosa Linn. (Udumbara) | 105 |
Holarrhena antidysenterica (Linn.) Wall. (Kutaja) | 105 |
Murrya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. (Surabhinimba) | 106 |
Myrica nagi Thunb. (Karphala) | 106 |
Nigella sativa Linn. (Upakunchika) | 106 |
Oroxylum indicum (Linn.) Vent. (Shyonaka) | 106 |
Aegle marmelos Corr. (Bilwa) | 106 |
Caesal pinia crista Linn. (Latakaranja) | 107 |
Arogyavardhinivati &Ananda-bhairavaRasa | 107 |
Herbal & Herbo Mineral Antacids &Anti Ulcer Drugs | 108 |
1. Herbal Antacids & Anti-ulcer Drugs | 109 |
(a) Amalaki (Emblica offlcinalis) Gaertn. | 109 |
(b) Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.) | 109 |
(c) Shatavari (Asparagu racemosus Wild.) | 110 |
(d) Bhringaraja (Eclipra alba Hassk.) | 110 |
(e) Vasa (Adhatoda vasica ees.) | 110 |
(f) Narikela (Cocos nucifera Linn.) | 111 |
(g) Kadali (Musa sapientum Linn.) | 111 |
II. Herbo Mineral Antaids & Antiulcer Agents | 111 |
Role ofIndigenous Drugs in Ischaemic Heart Diseases | 113 |
Indigenous DrugswithAnti-anginal and | 114 |
HypocholesterolemicEffect | 114 |
IndigenousAn tihypertensiveAgents | 116 |
Indigenous HypoglycaemicAgents | 116 |
Utility ofIndigenous Drugs in Acquired | 117 |
Immuno Deficiency Syndrome | 118 |
Clinical Features of Aids | 118 |
Aids from Ayurvedic Perspectives | 119 |
Etiological Factors of Sosha | 120 |
Symptomatology of Sosha | 121 |
Indigenous Drugs Useful in Aids | 121 |
Anti-inflammatory Ayurvedic Drugs | 125 |
Ricinus communis Linn (Earanda) | 128 |
Balsamodendron mukul Hook. ex Stocks (Guggulu) | 128 |
Tinospora cordifolia Willd. Miers. (Guduchi) | 128 |
Oxalis corniculata Linn. (Changeri) | 128 |
Vitex negundo (Nirgundi) | 129 |
Boerhaavia diffusa Linn. (Punarnava) | 129 |
Semecarpus anacardium Linn. (Bhallataka) | 129 |
Cesalpinia bonducFeming. (Latakaranja) | 129 |
Acorus calamus Linn. (Vacha) | 129 |
Crataeva re!igiosa (Varuna) | 129 |
Curcuma longa (Haridra) | 130 |
Piper longum (Pippali) | 130 |
Prernna obstusifolia (Agnimantha) | 130 |
Prosopis cineraria (Shami) | 130 |
Psoralea corylifolia (Bakuchi) | 130 |
Hemidesmus indicus (Sativa) | 131 |
In ula racemosa (Pushakaramoola) | 131 |
Moringa oleifera (Shigru) | 131 |
Nyctanrhes arbor-tristis (Parijata) | 131 |
Nymphaea srellara (Kumuda) | 132 |
Operculina rurpethum (Trivrut) | 132 |
Ougeiniaojeinenis (Tinisha) | 133 |
Paederia foetida (Gandha Prasarini) | 133 |
IndigenousAntifertility Agents | 135 |
1. Abrus precatorius Linn. (Gunja) | 137 |
2. Argyreia nervosa (Burm. f.) Boj (Vriddhadaru) | 137 |
3. Butea monosperma (Lamk.) Taub (Palasha) | 137 |
4. Datura mete! Linn. (Dhanura) | 138 |
5. Dendrophthoe falcata Linn. f. (Vriksharuha) | 138 |
6. Nymphaea nouchali Burm. f. (Ralcrorpala) | 138 |
7. Oryza granulata (Devdhana) | 138 |
8. Strychnos nuxvomica Linn. (Vishamushti) | 138 |
9. Ficus racemosa Linn. (Udurnbar) | 139 |
10. Mangifera indica Linn. (Amra) | 139 |
11. Musa paradisiaca Linn. (Kadali) | 139 |
12. Ricinus communis Linn. (Eranda) | 139 |
13. Azadirachta indicaA.Juss. (Nirnba) | 139 |
Rasayana Drugs (Natural Antioxidants) | 142 |
l. Shankapushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis) | 143 |
2. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) | 143 |
3. Punarnava (Boerhaavia diffusa Linn.) | 144 |
4. Mandookaparni (Centella asiatica Linn.) | 144 |
5. Pippali (Piper longum Linn.) | 145 |
6. Amalaki (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) | 145 |
7. Bakuchi (Psoralea coxylifolia Linn.) | 145 |
8. Tuvaraka (Hydnocarpus wightiana Blume) | 145 |
9. Guggulu (Cornmiphora rnukul Hook. ex Stocks) | 146 |
Role of Ayurvedic Drugs in the Management of Arshas (Haemorrhoids) | 148 |
Hazards of Allopathic Anti-Diabetic Drugs & Safery of Ayurvedic Herbal Drugs | 154 |
Ayurvedic Oral Anti-Diabetic Herbal Drugs . 1. Pterocorpus marsupium (Bijasara) | 159 |
2. Momordica charantia Linn. (Karavella) | 159 |
3. Azadirachta indicaA. Juss ( irnba) | 160 |
4. Cinnamomum tamala ees. & Eberm. (Tejapatra) | 160 |
5. Gymnema sylvesrre R. Br. (Mesha Shringi) | 160 |
6. Eugenia jambolana Lam. (jambu) | 161 |
7. Ocimum sanctum Linn. (Tulasi) | 161 |
8. Phyllanthus fraternus (Bhumyamalaki) | 161 |
9. Ficus racemosa (Udurnbara) | 161 |
10. Ficus bengalensis Linn. (Vata) | 161 |
11. Inula racemosa Hook. f. (Pushkaramoola) | 162 |
12. Enicostema littorale Blume (Mamejjaka) | 162 |
13. Salacia prenoides (Ponkoranti) | 162 |
14. Murraya koenigii Spreng. (Surabhinimba) | 162 |
15. Strychnos potarorum Linn. (Nirmali) | 162 |
16. Aloe barbadensis Mill (Kumari) | 162 |
17. Curcuma longa Linn. (Haridra) | 163 |
Oral Hypoglycemic Herbo-Mineral Recipe | 163 |
Chandraprabhavati | 163 |
Herbal Bitters like Bitter Gourd, | 164 |
Neem : Safe Antidiabetic Herbs | 164 |
Use ofSunf1ower Oil Increases the Risk of Diabetes | 165 |
Perennial Herb as Natural Sweetener | 165 |
Ayurvedic Metallic Preparations | |
Nephroprotective but not Nephrotoxic | 168 |
Group-I | 170 |
(Without Makaradhwaja pre-treatment control animals) | 170 |
Group-II | 170 |
(Pretreated with Makaradwaja) | 170 |
Results | 171 |
Utilitarian Values of Medical-Lore of Ramp a Agency, | |
(A.P.) in Primary Health Care | 173 |
Study of Malia Sindoor Compound in Bronchial Asthma 1 | |
Essentials of Diagnosis | 176 |
Methdos & Materials | 178 |
Results | 179 |
Effect of Simhanada Guggul & | |
Maharasnadi Kwatha in Sandhivata | 181 |
Methods and Materials | 182 |
Results | 183 |
Clinical-Pharmacological Studyof | |
Abhayadi Modaka-a Herbal Purgative | 185 |
Materials and Methods | 187 |
Results | 187 |
Onset of Action | 188 |
Duration of Action | 188 |
Adverse Effect | 188 |
Umber of Stools Passed | 188 |
Reidenrification of Herbs of Char aka's Dasaemani Ganas | 189 |
Jeevaniya Varga | 191 |
Brimhaneeya Varga | 192 |
Lekhaniya Varga | 193 |
Bhedaneeya Varga | 193 |
Sandhaneeya Varga | 194 |
Deepaniya Varga | 194 |
Balya Varga | 194 |
Varnya Varga | 195 |
Kanthya Varga | 195 |
Hrdya Varga | 196 |
Trptighna Varga | 196 |
Arshoghna Varga | 197 |
Kushtaghna Varga | 197 |
Kandughna Varga | 197 |
Krimighna Varga | 198 |
Vishaghna Varga | 198 |
Stanyajanana Varga | 198 |
Sthanya-shodhana Varga | 199 |
Shukra-janana Varga | 199 |
Shukra-shodhana Varga. | 200 |
Snehopaga Varga | 200 |
Swedopaga Varga | 201 |
Vamanopaga Varga | 201 |
Virechanopaga Varga | 202 |
Asthapanopaga Varga | 202 |
Anuvasanopaga Varga | 202 |
Shiro-virechaneeya Varga | 203 |
Chardi-nigrahana Varga | 203 |
Thrushna-nigrahana Varga | 204 |
Hikka-nigrahana Varga | 204 |
Pureesha-sangrahaniya Varga | 204 |
Pureesha-virajaneeya Varga | 205 |
Mutra-sangrahaneeya Varga | 206 |
Mutra-virarjaneeya Varga | 206 |
Mutra-virechaneeya Varga | 207 |
Kasahara Varga | 207 |
Shwasahara Varga | 207 |
Swayathuhara Varga | 208 |
Jwarahara Varga | 209 |
Shramahara Varga | 209 |
Daha-prasharnana Varga | 210 |
Sheeta-prashamana Varga | 210 |
Udarda-prashamana Varga | 210 |
Shula-prasharnana Varga | 211 |
Angamarda-prasamana Varga | 211 |
Shonitastapana Varga | 211 |
Vedanasthapa Varga | 212 |
Sanjna-sthapana Varga | 213 |
Praja-sthapana Varga | 217 |
Vayaha-sthapana Varga | 218 |
Unidentified Drugs | 219 |
Conclusion | 219 |
Anti-Microbial & Anti-Viral Herbal Drugs | 220 |
1. Achyranthes aspera Linn. (Arnaranrhaceae) | 220 |
2. Acorus calamus Linn. (Araceae) | 220 |
3. Alpinia galanga Willd | 220 |
5. Azadirachta indica A. J uss (Meliaceae) | 220 |
6. Berberis aristata DC (Berberidaceae) | 221 |
7. Bryophyllum calycinum salisb (Crassulaceae) | 221 |
8. Cassia fistula Linn. (Caesalpinaceae) | 221 |
9. Cassia occidentalis Linn. (Caesalpinaceae) | 221 |
10. Cucurbita maxima Duchesne (Cucurbitaceae) | |
11. Curcuma longa Linn (Zingiberaceae) | |
Cyperus rotundus Linn. (Cyperaceae) | 221 |
13. Desmodium gangeticum DC (Fabaceae) | 222 |
14. Emblica offlcinalis Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) | 222 |
15. Hedychium spicatum Buch-Ham (Zingiberaceae) | 222 |
16. Helianthus annuus Linn. (Asteraceae) | 222 |
17. Hemidesmus indicus (Linn.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) | 222 |
18. Inula racemosa Hook. F. (Asteraceae) | 223 |
19. Jasminum offlcinale Linn. (Oleaceae) | 223 |
20. Lawsonia inermis Linn. (Lyrhraceae) | 223 |
21. Leptadenia rericulata Wight & Am. (Asclepiodaceae) | 223 |
22. Leucas aspera (Willd.) Spreng. (Lamiaceae; Labiatae) | 223 |
23. Madhuca longifolia (Koen) Macb. (Saporaceae) | 223 |
24. Mallotus philippinensis (Lam.) | |
Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) | 224 |
25. Melia azedarach Linn. (Meliaceae) | 224 |
26. Mentha spicata Linn. (Lamiaceae) | 224 |
27. Mesua ferrea Linn. (Guttiferae) | 224 |
28. Mimusops elengi Linn. (Saporaceae) | 224 |
29. Momordicacharantia Linn. (Cucurbitaceae) | 224 |
30. Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) | 225 |
31. Murraya Koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. (Rutaceae) | 225 |
32. Myristica fragrans Houtt. (Myrisricaceae) | 225 |
33. Nardostachys jatamansi DC (Valerianaceae) | 225 |
34. Nigellasativa Linn. (Ranunculaceae) | 226 |
35. Ocimum americanum Linn. (Larniaceae) | 226 |
36. Ocimum basilicum Linn. | 226 |
37. Ocimum sanctum Linn. | 227 |
38. Phyllanrhus urinaria Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) | 227 |
39. Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex. Benth. (Scrophulariaceae) 227 | |
40. Piper betle Linn. (Piperaceae) | 227 |
41. Piper cubeba Linn. f. (Piperaceae) | 228 |
42. Piper longum Linn. (Piperaceae) | 228 |
43. Piper nigrum Linn. (Piperaceae) | 228 |
44. Plumbago zeylanica Linn (Plumbaginaceae) | 228 |
45. Pongamia pin nata (Linn.) Pierre (Fabaceae) | 229 |
46. Prunus amygdalus Barsch (Rosaceae) | 229 |
47. Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (Fabaceae) | 230 |
48. Punica granatum Linn. (Punicaceae) | 230 |
Chemotherapy of Viral Infection | 230 |
Ayurvedic Herbal Tranquillizers/Psychotropic Durgs | 233 |
1. Hedychium spicatum (Shari) | 235 |
2. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Japa) | 235 |
3. Jasminum sambac (Sumana) | 235 |
4. Marsilia minuta (Sunishannaka) | 235 |
5. Melia azadirachta (Nirnba) | 236 |
6. Nardostachys jatamansi (Jatamamsi) | 236 |
7. Ocimum sanctum (Tulasi) | 237 |
8. Psoralea corylifolia (Bakuchi) | 237 |
9. Boerhaavia diffusa (Punarnava) | 238 |
10. Bacopa monniera (Brahmi) | 238 |
11. Datura fastuosa (Dhattura) | 239 |
12. Bambusa bambos (Vamsha) | 239 |
13. Annona squamosa (Sitaphala) | 239 |
14. Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) | 239 |
15. Cassia fistula (Aragwadha) | 240 |
16. Moringa oleifera (Shigru) | 240 |
17. Acorus calamus (Vacha) | 241 |
18. Apium graveolens (Ajamoda) | 241 |
19. Bauhinia variegata (Kanchanara) | 241 |
20. Canscoradecussata (Shankhapushpi) | 241 |
21. Celastrus paniculatus (Jyotishmati) | 241 |
22. Centella asiatica (Mandookaparni) | 242 |
23. Convolvulus pluricaulis (Shankhapushpi) | 242 |
24. Cyperus rotundus (Musta) | 242 |
25. Erythrina indica (Paribhadra) | 243 |
Study ofIndigenous Depilatories | 245 |
Introduction | 245 |
Methods and Materials | 246 |
Results & Discussion | 247 |
Acalypha indica Linn. : A Folk Lore Drug | 248 |
Antifungal Activity of Alkanna tinctoria (Dineshvalli) | 250 |
Introduction | 250 |
Materials and Methods | 250 |
Results | 251 |
Discussion | 252 |
Summary | 253 |
Anti obesity & HypolipidemicAyurvedic Drugs | 255 |
1. Agave vera | 255 |
2. Cicer arietinurn | 256 |
3. Allium cepa | 256 |
4. Curcuma amada | 257 |
5. Commiphora mukul | 258 |
6. Mucuna pruriens | 258 |
7. Picrorrhiza kurroa | 258 |
8. Piper nigrum | 258 |
9. Pisurn sativurn | 259 |
10. Pterocarpus marsupium | 259 |
11. Terminalia chebula | 259 |
12. Myristica fragrans | 259 |
13. Carum copricurn | 260 |
14. Terrninalia arjuna | 261 |
15. Allium sativurn | 261 |
16. Linum usitatissirnum | 261 |
17. Cymbopogon citrates | 261 |
18. Trigonella foen um-graecum | 262 |
19. Panax ginseng | 262 |
20. Plantago ovata | 262 |
21. Zingiber officinale | 263 |
22. Embelia ribes | 263 |
23. Emblica officinal is | 263 |
24. Plumbago zeylanica | 263 |
25. Tinispora cordifolia | 263 |
26. Cyperus rotundus | 263 |
27. Garcinia cambogia | 263 |
Cholesterol level and Yogic training programme | 263 |
Triphala: Anti-oxidant and Anti-cancer formulation | 264 |
Modern Herbs in Current Clinical Practice | 268 |
Arnica | 268 |
Ginkgo | 269 |
Silymarin (Silibinin) | 271 |
St John's wort | 0 |
Arogyapacha (Trichopuszeylanicus) | 273 |
Traditional Medicine Leads to New Patents | |
Ginseng | 276 |
Modern Science and Ginseng | 276 |
Noni | 277 |
Safed Musali (Chlorophytum Borivilianum) | 278 |
Kava (Piper methysticurn) | 280 |
Basic Research on An ti -cancer Poten rial | 284 |
Skin Rashes | 286 |
Liver Damage Inciden ts | 289 |
Ancistrocladus korupensis : Herbal Hope for AIDS | 289 |
Artemisia absinthium (Wormwood) | 290 |
Garciniac(lmbogia) | 290 |
Section 3: EssentialAyurvedic Formulations for Common Diseases | 294 |
Gastro-intestinal Diseases | 295 |
Stomatitis | 295 |
Dyspepsia &Anorexia | 295 |
Gastritis (Hyperacidity) | 295 |
Hiccough | 296 |
Colic (Adbdominal Pain) | 296 |
Peptic-Ulcer | 296 |
Vomiting | 297 |
Diarrhoea | 297 |
IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) | 298 |
Dysentery | 299 |
Jaundice (Hepatitis) | 299 |
Ascites | 300 |
InfantileHepaticCirrhosis | 300 |
Amoebiasis | 301 |
Gallstones | 301 |
Constipation | 301 |
Piles (Haemorrhoids) | 302 |
Worms (Helminthiasis) | 302 |
Cardio- Vasccular Diseases | 303 |
Hypertension | 303 |
IH D (Angina & MI) | 304 |
Congestive Heart Failure | 304 |
Respiratory Diseases | 305 |
Asthma | 305 |
Bronchitis (Cough) | 305 |
Corryza (Cold) | 306 |
Nervous System Disorders | 306 |
Headache | 306 |
Migraine | 307 |
Sinusitis | 307 |
Hemiplegia(Paralysis) | 307 |
Bell's Palsy (Facial Paralysis) | 308 |
Epilepsy | 309 |
Sciatica | 309 |
Musculo-skeletal Disorder | 310 |
Lumbago (Backache) | 310 |
Cervical Spondylosis | 310 |
Arthritis | 310 |
Uro-genital Disorders | 311 |
Urolithiasis (Stone in Kidney) | 311 |
Cystisis | 311 |
RenalFailure | 312 |
Prostate Enlargement (BPH) | 312 |
Impotence | 313 |
Infectious Diseases | 313 |
Influenza | 313 |
Mumps | 313 |
Chicken Pox and Measles | 314 |
Folariasis | 315 |
Malaria | 315 |
Skin Diseases | 316 |
Leprosy | 316 |
Burns | 317 |
Chaffed Soles (Cracks) | 317 |
Whitlow | 317 |
Pediculosis (Lice Infection) | 317 |
Warts | 318 |
Corns | 318 |
Boils | 318 |
Tinea Versicolor | 318 |
Scabies | 319 |
RingWorm | 320 |
Urticaria | 320 |
Acne (Pimples) or Acne Vulgaris | 321 |
Eczema | 322 |
Psoriasis | 322 |
Leucoderma (Vitiligo) | 323 |
Wounds-Ulcers | 323 |
Herpes Zoster | 323 |
Gynecological Diseases | 324 |
Leucorrhoea (Whi te Discharge) | 324 |
Menorrhagia (Bleeding) | 325 |
Miscellaneous Conditions (E.N.T. and Eye Diseases) | 325 |
Vertigo | 325 |
Psychosis | 0 |
Insomnia | 326 |
Anxiery Neurosis | 326 |
Conjunctivitis | 327 |
Toothache | 327 |
Pyorrhoea(Gingivitis) | 327 |
EarAche | 327 |
Epistaxis | 328 |
Tonsillitis | 328 |
DiabetesMellirus | 328 |
Anemia | 329 |
Oderna | 329 |
Cancer | 329 |
HIV/AIDS | 330 |
ANNEXURE-l | |
T rid osha the 'Being' Theory | 331 |
The Trio | 332 |
The Origin | 332 |
Varied Interpretations | 334 |
Vata | 334 |
Pi tta | 335 |
Kapha | |
Contribution of Ayurvedic Social & Preventive | 339 |
Medecine to Comprehensive Health Care | |
Prevenrive Perspective ofPanchakarma | 344 |
Therapy in Comprehensive Health Care | 344 |
Introduction | 345 |
Five Levels of Prevenrion | 347 |
Charaka's Scheme ofPrevenrion of Diseases | 349 |
Ayurvedic Pharmaceuticals: Past & Present | 351 |
DrugStandardisation | |
ANNEXURE-2 | 353 |
Priority of Areas of Research | 353 |
First Priori ry | |
Secondary Priority | |
ANNEXURE-3 | |
List of Refractory Diseases for Which | |
Ayurvedic Treatment is More Popular | 355 |
ANNEXURE-4 | |
List of Essential Formulations | 357 |
ANNEXURE-5 | |
Popular Ayurvedic Formulations | |
Marketed Currently in India 3 | 61 |
ANNEXURE-6 | |
Drugs Required in Bulk Quantities for Manufacturing | |
Most Popular Ayurvedic Formu.lations | 363 |
ANN EXURE-7 | |
Drugs in Demand for Manufacturing | |
Patent Ayurvedic Medicines | 365 |
ANNEXURE-8 | |
List of Medicinal Plants Identified for Cultivation | 367 |
ANNEXURE-9 | |
List of Herbs Mentioned in Vtzrious Herbal Recipes | 369 |
ANNEXURE-l 0 | |
1. Antacids & Anti-ulcer Drugs | 375 |
2. Viral Hepatitis (Kamala | 379 |
3. AyurvedicAmoebicidal Drugs | 376 |
4. Drugs in the Management of Arshas (Haemorrhoids) | 377 |
5. Anti-inflammatory Ayurvedic Drugs | 377 |
6. Indigenous HypoglycaemicAgents | 378 |
7. Herbal Tranquillizersl Psychotropic Drugs | 379 |
8. Drugs in Ischemic Heart Disease | 379 |
9. Indigenous Antihypertensive Agents | 380 |
10. Anti-microbial & Anti-viral Herbal Drugs | 380 |
1l. Anti-viral Drugs | 381 |
12. AyurvedicAnti-cancer Drugs | 382 |
13. Indigenous Drugs in Acquired Immuno- | |
Deficiency Syndrome | 383 |
14. Rasayana Drugs - NaturalAnti-oxidants | 383 |
15. Aphrodisiac Effect ofIndigenous Drugs | 384 |
16. Anti-fertility Agents | 384 |
Bibliography | 386 |